CAMEL

Foreword by Keijo Palviainen xiii
Foreword by Gerry Christensen xv
Preface xvii

1 Introduction to GSM Networks 1
1.1 Signalling in GSM 3
1.2 GSM Mobility 3
1.3 Mobile Station 4
1.4 Identifiers in the GSM Network 4
1.5 Basic Services 6
1.6 Supplementary Services 9

2 Introduction to Intelligent Networks 11
2.1 History of Intelligent Networks 11
2.2 Principles of Intelligent Networks 12
2.3 Service Switching Function 14
2.4 Service Control Function 15
2.5 Basic Call State Model 15
2.6 Dialogue Handling 17
2.7 Evolution of the CAMEL Standard 19
2.8 Principles of CAMEL 22
2.9 Signalling for CAMEL 28
2.10 Dynamic Load Sharing 34
2.11 Using Signalling Point Code for Addressing in HPLMN 35

3 CAMEL Phase 1 37
3.1 Architecture for CAMEL Phase 1 37
3.2 Feature Description 45
3.3 Subscription Data 65
3.4 Basic Call State Model 69
3.5 CAMEL Application Part 75
3.6 Service Examples 79

4 CAMEL Phase 2 85
4.1 Introduction 85
4.2 Architecture 87
4.3 Feature Description 92
4.4 Subscription Data 160
4.5 Basic Call State Model 162
4.6 CAMEL Phase 2 Relationship 173
4.7 Interaction with GSM Supplementary Services 174
4.8 Interaction with Network Services 182

5 CAMEL Phase 3 187
5.1 General Third-generation Networks 187
5.2 Call Control 196
5.3 CAMEL Control of GPRS 224
5.4 CAMEL Control of MO-SMS 260
5.5 Mobility Management 273
5.6 CAMEL Interaction with Location Services 277
5.7 Active Location Retrieval 278
5.8 Subscription Data Control 280
5.9 Enhancement to USSD 283
5.10 Pre-paging 284

6 CAMEL Phase 4 285
6.1 General 285
6.2 Call Control 289
6.3 GPRS Control 324
6.4 SMS Control 325
6.5 Mobility Management 331
6.6 Any-time Interrogation 334
6.7 Subscription Data Control 336
6.8 Mobile Number Portability 336
6.9 Control of IP Multimedia Calls 342

7 Charging and Accounting 355
7.1 Architecture 355
7.2 Call Detail Records 355
7.3 Transfer Account Procedure Files 359
7.4 Inter-operator Accounting of CAMEL Calls 361
7.5 Correlation of Call Detail Records 366
7.6 Global Call Reference 369
7.7 Call Party Handling CDRs 370

8 3GPP Rel-6 and Beyond 371
8.1 General 371
8.2 Enhancements to 3GPP Rel-6 373
8.3 Enhancements to 3GPP Rel-7 379

Appendix 383
A.1 Overview of CAP Operations 383
A.2 Overview of MAP Operations 384
A.3 Overview of ISUP Messages 386
A.4 Overview of CAMEL Subscription Information 386

References 389
Abbreviations 395
Index 401