Atmospheric Ammonia

Detecting Emission Changes and Environmental Impacts. Results of an Expert Workshop Under the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

By: Mark Sutton (Editor), Stefan Reis (Editor), Samantha M. H. Baker (Editor)

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Hardcover | 11 March 2009

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492 Pages

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24.13 x 15.88 x 2.54

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Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia cause a host of environmental impacts, including loss of biodiversity, soil acidification and formation of particulate matter in the atmosphere. Under the auspices of the UNECE Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution, around 80 international experts met to review the state of scientific knowledge. This book reports their analysis. It concludes that threshold levels for ammonia effects have been underestimated and sets new values, it assesses the independent evidence to verify reported reductions in regional ammonia emissions, and it reviews the uncertainties in modelling ammonia, both in "hot spots" and at the regional scale.

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Introduction	p. 1
Ammonia Critical Thresholds
Reassessment of Critical Levels for Atmospheric Ammonia	p. 15
Potential for the Further Development and Application of Critical Levels to Assess the Environmental Impacts of Ammonia	p. 41
Long-Term Cumulative Exposure Exacerbates the Effects of Atomospheric Ammonia on an Ombrotrophic Bog: Implications for Critical Levels	p. 49
The Application of Transects to Assess the Effects of Ammonia on Woodland Groundflora	p. 59
Estimation of the Ammonia Critical Level for Epiphytic Lichens Based on Observations at Farm, Landscape and National Scales
Mapping Ammonia Emissions and Concentrations for Switzerland - Effects on Lichen Vegetation	p. 87
Over Which Averaging Period Is the Ammonia Critical Level Most Precautionary	p. 93
Macrolichens on Twigs and Trunks as Indicators of Ammonia Concentrations Across the UK - a Practical Method	p. 101
Assessment of Critical Levels of Atmospheric Ammonia for Lichen Diversity in Cork-Oak Woodland, Portugal	p. 109
Temporal Trends in Atmospheric Ammonia
Linking Ammonia Emission Trends to Measured Concentrations and Deposition of Reduced Nitrogen at Different Scales	p. 123
Long-Term Record (1981-2005) of Ammonia and Ammonium Concentrations at K-Puszta Hungary and the Effect of Sulphur Dioxide Emission Change on Measured and Modelled Concentrations	p. 181
Assessment of Ammonia and Ammonium Trends and Relationship to Critical Levels in the UK National Ammonia Monitoring Network (NAMN)	p. 187
Review of Published Studies Estimating the Abatement Efficacy of Reduced-Emission Slurry Spreading Techniques	p. 195
Analysis of Ammonia Hotspots
Ammonia Deposition Near Hot Spots: Processes, Models and Monitoring Methods	p. 205
Standardised Grasses as Biomonitors of Ammonia Pollution Around Agricultural Point Sources	p. 269
Soluble Ammonium in Plants as a Bioindicator for Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition: Refinement and Testing of a Practical Method	p. 281
Spatial Planning as a Complementary Tool to Abate the Effects of Atmospheric Ammonia Deposition at the Landscape Scale	p. 291
Regional Modelling of Atmospheric Ammonia
Modelling of the Atmospheric Transport and Deposition of Ammonia at a National and Regional Scale	p. 301
Application of a Lagrangian Model FRAME to Estimate Reduced Nitrogen Deposition and Ammonia Concentrations in Poland	p. 359
Application of the EMEP Unified Model to the UK with a Horizontal Resolution of 5 × 5 km2	p. 367
Conclusions and Outlook
Critical Levels for Ammonia	p. 375
Detecting Change in Atmospheric Ammonia Following Emission Changes	p. 383
Assessment Methods for Ammonia Hot-Spots	p. 391
Modelling the National and Regional Transport and Deposition of Ammonia	p. 409
Reliability of Ammonia Emission Estimates and Abatement Efficiencies	p. 423
Ammonia Policy Context and Future Challenges	p. 433
Synthesis and Summary for Policy Makers	p. 445
Author Index	p. 455
Subject Index	p. 461
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Atmospheric Ammonia

Detecting Emission Changes and Environmental Impacts. Results of an Expert Workshop Under the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

At a Glance

Hardcover

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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