Argumentation

LIST OF TABLES PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS SECTION I: THE NATURE AND CONTEXT OF ARGUMENT CHAPTER 1 The Process of Argument ARGUING IS PART OF OUR NATURE WHAT IS ARGUMENT? WHY SHOULD WE ARGUE? ARGUING PRODUCTIVELY WHEN NOT TO ARGUE CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS CHAPTER 2 Credibility: The Foundation of Responsible Advocacy TYPES OF CREDIBILITY FACTORS AFFECTING AN ADVOCATE'S CREDIBILITY THE ADVOCATE/LISTENER RELATIONSHIP CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS CHAPTER 3 External Factors Influencing Argument THE AUDIENCE FIELD AND OCCASION THE LARGER CONVERSATION CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS CHAPTER 4 Audience-Based Argument INTERACTING WITH FAMILIAR AUDIENCES UNDERSTANDING UNFAMILIAR AUDIENCES LIMITS OF DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS SECTION II: IDENTIFYING AND MAKING QUALITY ARGUMENTS CHAPTER 5 Discovering Arguments: Narrative Approaches ARGUMENTS AS NARRATIVE NARRATIVE ELEMENTS EVALUATING NARRATIVES CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS CHAPTER 6 Discovering Arguments: Stock Issue Approaches QUESTIONS OF FACT QUESTIONS OF VALUE QUESTIONS OF POLICY CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS CHAPTER 7 Supporting Arguments WHEN DO I NEED TO USE OUTSIDE SUPPORT? WHY DO I NEED TO USE OUTSIDE SUPPORT? GENERAL EVALUATION OF OUTSIDE SUPPORT CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS CHAPTER 8 Types and Tests of Evidence EXAMPLES STATISTICS TESTIMONY CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS SECTION III: EFFECTIVELY PRESENTING ARGUMENTS CHAPTER 9 Language and Style in Argument THE VARIETY OF PERSONAL STYLES STYLE SHOULD REFLECT A CONSTRUCTIVE VIEW OF ARGUMENT STYLE AND CREDIBILITY LANGUAGE AS A COMPONENT OF STYLE CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS CHAPTER 10 Responding to Arguments LISTENING EFFECTIVELY LISTENING FOR RELATIONSHIP AND CONTENT PREPARING TO RESPOND MAKING A RESPONSE CONCLUSION QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION KEY TERMS ADDITIONAL RESOURCES APPENDIX A: THE TOULMIN MODEL APPENDIX B: LOGICAL FALLACIES GLOSSARY NOTES INDEX ABOUT THE AUTHORS