Appearance and Reality

Preface Introduction 1: Physics and Philosophy Why This Will Require Both Physics and Philosophy Standards of Proof From Physics to Philosophy Useful Philosophical Concepts Philosophical Issues Philosophical Evidence 2: Appearance and Reality Scientific Observation The Conceptual Influence The Physical Influence Nature as It Is Philosophical Arguments about Realism Return to Bohr 3: The Special Theory of Relativity The Principle of Relativity Space and Time Relative and Absolute Properties The Foundations of the Special Theory of Relativity Consequences of the Absolute Speed of Light The Relativity of Simultaneity Time Dilation Length Contraction Mitch's Paradox Nothing Can Go Faster Than the Speed of Light Summary of the Special Theory of Relativity 4: The General Theory of Relativity General Covariance and the Principle of Equivalence Consequences of General Covariance and the Principle of Equivalence The Bending of Light Gravitational Red-shift (Time Dilation) The Curvature of Spacetime Mach's Principle Summary of the General Theory of Relativity 5: Relativity and Realism Two Separate Questions The Way Nature Is How Do We Know the Theory is True? Summary 6: Quantum Mechanics Probability, Cause and Effect, and Determinism Particles and Waves The State Function, Complementarity, and the Uncertainty Principle Spin and the EPR Experiment Bell's Proof Summary of Quantum Mechanics 7: Quantum Mechanics and Realism What to Make of Bell's Proof The Quantum/Classical Distinction The Copenhagen Interpretation The Measurement Problem Alternative Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics The Many-words Interpretation The Consciousness Interpretation It's All Quantum Mechanics Bohm's Theory Summary 8: Realistic Realm Two Kinds of Questions: Metaphysics and Epistemology The Metaphysical Issue The Epistemological Issue It's Not the End of the World References and Suggested Reading Philosophical Background Relativity Quantum Mechanics Historical and Biographical Accounts Primary Sources