Advances in Electronic Testing

Foreword by Vishwani D. Agrawal Preface by Dimitris Gizopoulos Contributing Authors Dedication Chapter 1-Defect-Oriented Testing by Robert C. Aitken 1.1 History of Defect-Oriented Testing 1.2 Classic Defect Mechanisms 1.3 Defect Mechanisms in Advanced Technologies 1.4 Defects and Faults 1.5 Defect-Oriented Test Types 1.6 Experimental Results 1.7 Future Trends and Conclusions Acknowledgments References Chapter 2-Failure Mechanisms and Testing in Nanometer Technologies by Jaume Segura, Charles Hawkins and Jerry Soden 2.1 Scaling CMOS Technology 2.2 Failure Modes in Nanometer Technologies 2.3 Test Methods for Nanometer ICs 2.4 Conclusion References Chapter 3-Silicon Debug by Doug Josephson and Bob Gottlieb 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Silicon Debug History 3.3 Silicon Debug Process 3.4 Debug Flow 3.5 Circuit Failures 3.6 A Case Study in Silicon Debug 3.7 Future Challenges for Silicon Debug 3.8 Conclusion Acknowledgements References Chapter 4-Delay Testing by Adam Cron 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Delay Test Basics 4.3 Test Application 4.4 Delay Test Details 4.5 Vector Generation 4.6 Chip Design Constructs 4.7 ATE Requirements 4.8 Conclusions: Tests vs. Defects Acknowledgements References Chapter 5-High-Speed Digital Test Interfaces by Wolfgang Maichen 5.1 New Concepts 5.2 Technology and Design Techniques 5.3 Characterization and Modeling 5.4 Outlook References Chapter 6-DFT-Oriented, Low-Cost Testers by Al Crouch and GeirEide 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Test Cost - the Chicken and the Low Cost Tester 6.3 Tester Use Models 6.4 Why and When is DFT Low Cost? 6.5 What does Low Cost have to do with the Tester? 6.6 Life, the Universe, and Everything References Recommended Reading Chapter 7-Embedded Cores and System-on-Chip Testing by Rubin Parekhji 7.1 Embedded Cores and SOCs 7.2 Design and Test Paradigm with Cores and SOCs 7.3 DFT for Embedded Cores and SOCs 7.4 Test Access Mechanisms 7.5 ATPG for Embedded Cores and SOCs 7.6 SOC Test Modes 7.7 Design for At-speed Testing 7.8 Design for Memory and Logic BIST 7.9 Conclusion Acknowledgements References Chapter 8-Embedded Memory Testing by R. Dean Adams 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The Memory Design Under Test 8.3 Memory Faults 8.4 Memory Test Patterns 8.5 Self Test 8.6 Advanced Memories & Technologies 8.7 Conclusions References Chapter 9-Mixed-Signal Testing and DfT by Stephen Sunter 9.1 A Brief History 9.2 The State of the Art 9.3 Advances in the Last 10 Years 9.4 Emerging Techniques and Directions 9.5 EDA Tools for Mixed-Signal Testing 9.6 Future Directions References Chapter 10-RF Testing by Randy Wolf, Mustapha Slamani, John Ferrario and Jayendra Bhagat 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Testing RF ICs 10.3 RF Test Cost Reduction Factors 10.4 Test Hardware 10.5 Hardware Development Process 10.6 High Frequency Simulation Tools 10.7 Device Under Test Interface 10.8 Conclusions Acknowledgements References Chapter 11-Loaded