| Preface | p. xi |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| General | p. 1 |
| Basic Concepts | p. 2 |
| Acoustic techniques | p. 2 |
| AE/MS sources | p. 3 |
| AE/MS signals | p. 3 |
| Monitoring techniques | p. 7 |
| Source location | p. 8 |
| Review of basic concepts | p. 9 |
| AE/MS Parameters and Data Analysis | p. 10 |
| Important AE/MS parameters | p. 10 |
| Frequency spectra | p. 12 |
| Source location coordinates | p. 12 |
| Historical Development | p. 14 |
| Interdisciplinary nature of AE/MS development | p. 15 |
| Early studies | p. 16 |
| Transitional period studies | p. 18 |
| Recent studies | p. 20 |
| References | p. 21 |
| Energy Transmission and Detection | p. 29 |
| Introduction | p. 29 |
| Wave Propagation | p. 30 |
| Plane waves | p. 30 |
| Cylindrical waves | p. 31 |
| Spherical waves | p. 33 |
| Body and Surface Waves | p. 33 |
| Body waves | p. 33 |
| Surface waves | p. 33 |
| Seismic Sources | p. 35 |
| Seismic Velocities | p. 36 |
| Calculation of seismic velocities | p. 36 |
| Typical seismic velocities | p. 38 |
| Relationship between Wave and Particle Velocities | p. 38 |
| General | p. 38 |
| Acoustic impedance | p. 41 |
| Effects at Boundaries | p. 43 |
| General | p. 43 |
| Normal incidence--cohesive boundary | p. 43 |
| Oblique incidence--cohesive boundary | p. 47 |
| Oblique incidence--noncohesive boundary | p. 53 |
| Stress Wave Attenuation | p. 54 |
| General | p. 54 |
| Typical attenuation characteristics | p. 55 |
| Detection of AE/MS Signals | p. 57 |
| General | p. 57 |
| Detection of particle motion | p. 57 |
| Computation of propagation direction | p. 59 |
| Character of detected signal | p. 61 |
| Transducer signal components | p. 64 |
| References | p. 69 |
| Field Monitoring Systems | p. 71 |
| Introduction | p. 71 |
| General Considerations | p. 72 |
| System Optimization | p. 72 |
| Classes of Monitoring | p. 73 |
| General monitoring | p. 73 |
| Location monitoring | p. 74 |
| Field Transducers | p. 74 |
| Transducer types | p. 74 |
| Transducer location | p. 79 |
| Transducer installation | p. 79 |
| Field Monitoring Facilities | p. 86 |
| General | p. 86 |
| Signal conditioning | p. 89 |
| Readout systems | p. 90 |
| Multi-channel monitoring systems | p. 91 |
| References | p. 96 |
| Laboratory Monitoring Systems | p. 101 |
| Introduction | p. 101 |
| General Considerations | p. 101 |
| Laboratory Transducers | p. 102 |
| Transducer types | p. 102 |
| Transducer installation | p. 110 |
| Laboratory Monitoring Facilities | p. 116 |
| General | p. 116 |
| Basic systems | p. 117 |
| Parametric systems | p. 118 |
| Readout systems | p. 132 |
| References | p. 133 |
| Source Location Techniques | p. 137 |
| Introduction | p. 137 |
| General | p. 137 |
| Travel-time-difference method | p. 138 |
| One-Dimensional Source Location | p. 140 |
| General | p. 140 |
| One-dimensional location theory | p. 141 |
| Two-Dimensional Source Location | p. 151 |
| General | p. 151 |
| Basic concepts | p. 151 |
| Source location algorithms | p. 154 |
| Three-Dimensional Source Location | p. 160 |
| General | p. 160 |
| Source location algorithms | p. 161 |
| Application of Least Squares Method | p. 163 |
| Experimental Determination of Arrival-Time-Difference Data | p. 165 |
| Use of P- and S- Wave Data | p. 166 |
| Velocity Models | p. 167 |
| Source Location Errors | p. 168 |
| Velocity model | p. 168 |
| Arrival time | p. 169 |
| Transducer coordinates | p. 170 |
| Transducer array geometry and size | p. 170 |
| Source location relative to array | p. 172 |
| Other Source Location Techniques | p. 173 |
| Zonal source location | p. 173 |
| Single station seismometry | p. 177 |
| Hybrid techniques | p. 179 |
| References | p. 181 |
| Special Topics | p. 185 |
| Introduction | p. 185 |
| Geophone Calibration | p. 185 |
| General | p. 185 |
| Calibration system | p. 186 |
| Calibration program | p. 187 |
| Test results | p. 188 |
| Monitoring Facility Optimization | p. 191 |
| Introduction | p. 191 |
| Transducer characteristics and placement | p. 192 |
| Grounding and shielding techniques | p. 192 |
| Monitoring system power | p. 193 |
| Electronic filtering | p. 193 |
| Spatial discrimination | p. 195 |
| Special considerations | p. 199 |
| Monitoring Facility Calibration | p. 200 |
| General | p. 200 |
| Laboratory calibration | p. 202 |
| Field calibration | p. 204 |
| In-situ geophone calibration | p. 208 |
| Velocity Measurement | p. 210 |
| Introduction | p. 210 |
| Field techniques | p. 210 |
| Seismic transmission techniques | p. 211 |
| Seismic refraction techniques | p. 214 |
| Borehole logging techniques | p. 218 |
| Waveguides | p. 221 |
| Introduction | p. 221 |
| Waveguides for geotechnical studies | p. 224 |
| Geotechnical waveguide limitations | p. 226 |
| Geotechnical waveguide development | p. 227 |
| Amplitude Distribution Analysis | p. 232 |
| Pattern Recognition | p. 235 |
| Introduction | p. 235 |
| Statistical pattern recognition methodology | p. 236 |
| Acoustic emission/microseismic applications | p. 239 |
| Neural networks | p. 239 |
| Wavelet transform | p. 240 |
| Source Parameter Analysis | p. 240 |
| Moment Tensor Analysis | p. 243 |
| Kaiser Effect | p. 243 |
| Introduction | p. 243 |
| Measurement and analysis | p. 245 |
| Mechanisms | p. 247 |
| Current status and required studies | p. 248 |
| Related NDT Techniques | p. 248 |
| Acousto-ultrasonics | p. 249 |
| Modal analysis | p. 251 |
| Modal acoustic emission | p. 254 |
| References | p. 256 |
| Manufacturers and Suppliers of AE/MS Transducers, Equipment and Components | p. 267 |
| Subject Index | p. 271 |
| Author Index | p. 279 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
