| Introduction | p. 1 |
| References | p. 10 |
| Transmitters and Receivers | p. 15 |
| Transmitter Design | p. 15 |
| Transmitter Components | p. 15 |
| Lasers | p. 15 |
| External Optical Modulators | p. 18 |
| Pulse Carvers and Impulse Shapers | p. 21 |
| Multi-Level Signaling | p. 23 |
| ASK Transmitters | p. 23 |
| DPSK Transmitters | p. 25 |
| Serial DPSK Transmitter | p. 26 |
| Parallel DPSK Transmitter | p. 27 |
| Differential Encoding | p. 28 |
| Signal Properties | p. 32 |
| Star QAM Transmitters | p. 34 |
| Square QAM Transmitters | p. 37 |
| Differential Quadrant Encoding | p. 37 |
| Serial Square QAM Transmitter | p. 38 |
| Conventional IQ Transmitter | p. 42 |
| Enhanced IQ Transmitter | p. 47 |
| Tandem-QPSK Transmitter | p. 51 |
| Multi-Parallel MZM Transmitter | p. 52 |
| Signal Properties | p. 54 |
| References | p. 56 |
| Receiver Configurations | p. 59 |
| Receiver Components | p. 59 |
| Optical and Electrical Filters | p. 59 |
| Delay Line Interferometer | p. 61 |
| 2x4 90°ree; Hybrid | p. 62 |
| 3x3 Coupler | p. 65 |
| Direct Detection Receivers | p. 66 |
| Direct Detection Receiver with DLIs | p. 67 |
| Direct Detection IQ Receiver with 2x4 90°ree; Hybrid | p. 71 |
| Data Recovery for Differential Detection | p. 73 |
| Fundamentals of Coherent Detection | p. 79 |
| Coherent Detection Principle | p. 79 |
| Coherent Detection with Amplifier Noise | p. 82 |
| Optical Quadrature Frontend | p. 84 |
| Polarization Diversity | p. 85 |
| Homodyne Receivers with Differential Detection | p. 86 |
| Phase Diversity Receivers | p. 86 |
| Digital Differential Demodulation | p. 91 |
| Homodyne Receivers with Synchronous Detection | p. 93 |
| Carrier Synchronization Techniques | p. 94 |
| Optical Phase Locked Loop | p. 95 |
| Digital Phase Estimation | p. 99 |
| Data Recovery for Synchronous Detection | p. 111 |
| References | p. 116 |
| Effort Comparison | p. 119 |
| Transmitter Complexity and Feasibility | p. 119 |
| Receiver Complexity and Feasibility | p. 122 |
| System Performance | |
| System Simulation Aspects | p. 127 |
| Data Sequences | p. 127 |
| Eye Opening Penalty for Multi-Level Eyes | p. 131 |
| Monte Carlo Simulations | p. 132 |
| Semi-Analytical BER Estimation | p. 133 |
| DBPSK Direct Detection | p. 133 |
| Extension to Higher-Order DPSK and Star QAM | p. 138 |
| References | p. 140 |
| Fiber Propagation Effects | p. 143 |
| Fiber Attenuation | p. 144 |
| Chromatic Dispersion | p. 145 |
| Kerr Nonlinearities | p. 147 |
| Other Propagation Effects | p. 150 |
| Nonlinear Scattering Effects | p. 151 |
| Polarization Mode Dispersion | p. 151 |
| Nonlinear Phase Noise | p. 152 |
| References | p. 154 |
| Back-to-Back and Single-Span Transmission | p. 155 |
| Systems with Direct Detection | p. 156 |
| OSNR Requirements | p. 157 |
| Optimal Receiver Filter Bandwidths | p. 160 |
| Laser Linewidth Requirements | p. 164 |
| Chromatic Dispersion Tolerances | p. 166 |
| Self Phase Modulation Tolerances | p. 168 |
| Nonlinear Phase Shift Compensation | p. 171 |
| Parameter Summary | p. 175 |
| Systems with Homodyne Differential Detection | p. 177 |
| Noise Performance | p. 178 |
| Laser Linewidth Requirements | p. 181 |
| Transmission Parameter Tolerances | p. 182 |
| Parameter Summary | p. 183 |
| Systems with Homodyne Synchronous Detection | p. 185 |
| Noise Performance | p. 185 |
| Laser Linewidth Requirements | p. 188 |
| Chromatic Dispersion Tolerances | p. 194 |
| Self Phase Modulation Tolerances | p. 198 |
| Nonlinear Phase Shift Compensation | p. 199 |
| Parameter Summary | p. 202 |
| References | p. 204 |
| Multi-Span Long-Haul Transmission | p. 207 |
| 8PSK Multi-Span Transmission Experiments | p. 208 |
| Optical Inline CD Compensation | p. 208 |
| Electrical CD Compensation at the Receiver | p. 212 |
| Star 16QAM Multi-Span Transmission Experiments | p. 213 |
| Single-Channel Experiments | p. 213 |
| WDM Experiments | p. 217 |
| Comparison of Transmission Distances | p. 219 |
| Nonlinear Phase Shift Compensation | p. 221 |
| Systems with Optical Inline CD Compensation | p. 221 |
| Systems with Electrical CD Compensation | p. 224 |
| References | p. 226 |
| Performance Trends | p. 227 |
| Migration to Higher-Order Formats-Parameter Trends | p. 227 |
| Impact of the System Configuration and Pulse Shape | p. 230 |
| Reduction of Attainable Transmission Distances | p. 232 |
| Goals of Future Research | p. 233 |
| References | p. 236 |
| Differential Encoders for 8DPSK/16DPSK | p. 239 |
| Theoretical BER Formulas | p. 243 |
| References | p. 245 |
| Index | p. 247 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
