| Vectorial Propagation of Light | p. 1 |
| Maxwell's Equations and Free-Space Solutions | p. 2 |
| The Vector and Scalar Potentials | p. 8 |
| Time-Harmonic Solutions | p. 10 |
| Classical Description of Polarization | p. 12 |
| Stokes Vectors, Jones and Muller Matrices | p. 17 |
| The Poincaré Sphere | p. 20 |
| Partial Polarization | p. 22 |
| Coherently Polarized Waves | p. 24 |
| Incoherently Depolarized Waves | p. 28 |
| Pseudo-Depolarized Waves | p. 31 |
| A Heterogeneous Ray Bundle | p. 33 |
| References | p. 36 |
| The Spin-Vector Calculus of Polarization | p. 37 |
| Motivation | p. 37 |
| Vectors, Length, and Direction | p. 39 |
| Bra and Ket Vectors | p. 39 |
| Length and Inner Products | p. 41 |
| Projectors and Outer Products | p. 42 |
| Orthonormal Basis | p. 43 |
| General Vector Transformations | p. 44 |
| Operator Relations | p. 44 |
| Eigenstates, Hermitian and Unitary Operators | p. 46 |
| Hermitian Operators | p. 47 |
| Unitary Operators | p. 48 |
| Connection between Hermitian and Unitary Matrices | p. 49 |
| Similarity Transforms | p. 49 |
| Construction of General Unitary Matrix | p. 50 |
| Group Properties of SU(2) | p. 51 |
| Vectors Cast in Jones and Stokes Spaces | p. 52 |
| Complete Measurement of the Polarization Ellipse | p. 52 |
| Pauli Spin Matrices | p. 54 |
| The Pauli Spin Vector | p. 55 |
| Spin-Vector Identities | p. 56 |
| Conservation of Length | p. 58 |
| Orthogonal Polarization States | p. 59 |
| Non-Orthogonal Polarization States | p. 60 |
| Pauli Spin Operators | p. 61 |
| Equivalent Unitary Transformations | p. 63 |
| Group Properties of SU(2) and O(3) | p. 65 |
| Matrix Entries of R in a Fixed Coordinate System | p. 66 |
| Vector Expression of R in a Local Coordinate System | p. 67 |
| Select Vector Identities | p. 70 |
| Euler Rotations | p. 71 |
| Some Relevant Transformation Applications | p. 72 |
| References | p. 78 |
| Interaction of Light and Dielectric Media | p. 79 |
| Introduction of Media Terms into Maxwell's Equations | p. 80 |
| Constitutive Relation Tensors | p. 85 |
| The kDB System | p. 87 |
| The Lorentz Force | p. 90 |
| Isotropic Materials | p. 90 |
| Permittivity of Isotropic Materials | p. 91 |
| Propagation in Isotropic Materials | p. 94 |
| Refraction at an Interface | p. 96 |
| Reflection and Transmission for TE Waves | p. 96 |
| Reflection and Transmission for TM Waves | p. 99 |
| Total Internal Reflection | p. 101 |
| Birefringent Materials | p. 105 |
| Propagation in Uniaxial Materials | p. 106 |
| Refraction at an Interface | p. 112 |
| Total Internal Reflection | p. 117 |
| Polarization Transformation | p. 120 |
| Gyrotropic Materials | p. 122 |
| Magnetic Material Classes | p. 123 |
| Permittivity of Diamagnetic Materials | p. 124 |
| Propagation in Gyrotropic Materials | p. 126 |
| Faraday Rotation | p. 129 |
| The Verdet Constant | p. 132 |
| Faraday Rotation in Ferrous Materials | p. 133 |
| Optically Active Materials | p. 135 |
| Propagation in Bi-Isotropic Media | p. 138 |
| References | p. 142 |
| Elements and Basic Combinations | p. 143 |
| Wavelength-Division Multiplexed Frequency Grid | p. 143 |
| Properties of Select Materials | p. 146 |
| Isotropic Glass Materials | p. 146 |
| Birefringent Crystals | p. 147 |
| Iron Garnets | p. 150 |
| Packaging Alloys | p. 153 |
| Fabry-Perot and Gires-Tournois Interferometers | p. 154 |
| Fabry-Perot Response | p. 157 |
| Gires-Tournois Response | p. 161 |
| Temperature Dependence of Select Birefringent Crystals | p. 163 |
| Experimental Setup | p. 163 |
| Quadratic Temperature-Dependence Model | p. 166 |
| Association of Resonant Peak Shift With Temperature Coefficients | p. 167 |
| Group Index and Thermal-Optic Coefficients | p. 168 |
| Passive Temperature Compensation | p. 170 |
| Compound Crystals For Off-Axis Delay | p. 173 |
| Polarization Retarders | p. 178 |
| Half-Wave and Quarter-Wave Waveplates | p. 179 |
| Birefringent Waveplate Technologies | p. 182 |
| Waveplate Combinations | p. 184 |
| Elementary Polarization Control | p. 191 |
| TIR Polarization Retarders | p. 196 |
| Single and Compound Prisms | p. 198 |
| Wollaston and Rochon Prisms | p. 199 |
| Kaifa Prism | p. 202 |
| Shirasaki Prism | p. 204 |
| References | p. 208 |
| Collimator Technologies | p. 211 |
| Collimator Assemblies | p. 213 |
| Gaussian Optics | p. 219 |
| q Transformation and ABCD Matrices | p. 224 |
| ABCD Ray Tracing | p. 227 |
| Action of a Single Lens | p. 228 |
| Action of a GRIN Lens | p. 230 |
| Some Limitations of the ABCD Matrix | p. 232 |
| Select Collimators Analyzed with the ABCD Matrix | p. 234 |
| Fiber-to-Fiber Coupling by a Lens Pair | p. 239 |
| Coupling Coefficients | p. 242 |
| References | p. 245 |
| Isolators | p. 247 |
| Polarizing Isolator | p. 247 |
| Comparison of Lens Systems | p. 252 |
| Deflection-Type Isolators | p. 254 |
| Displacement-Type Isolators | p. 259 |
| Two-Stage Isolators | p. 263 |
| PMD-Compensated Isolators | p. 266 |
| References | p. 271 |
| Circulators | p. 273 |
| Polarizing Circulator | p. 274 |
| Historical Development | p. 277 |
| Displacement Circulators | p. 279 |
| Deflection Circulators | p. 284 |
| Summary | p. 294 |
| References | p. 295 |
| Properties of PDL and PMD | p. 297 |
| Polarization-Dependent Loss | p. 298 |
| Definitions | p. 299 |
| Change of Polarization State | p. 304 |
| Repolarization | p. 306 |
| PDL Evolution Equations | p. 308 |
| Polarization-Mode Dispersion | p. 312 |
| A PMD Primer | p. 313 |
| Fundamental Derivations | p. 327 |
| Connection Between Jones and Stokes Space | p. 330 |
| Concatenation Rules for PMD | p. 333 |
| PMD Evolution Equations | p. 338 |
| Time-Domain Representation | p. 342 |
| Fourier Analysis of the DGD Spectrum | p. 364 |
| Combined Effects of PMD and PDL | p. 371 |
| Frequency-Dependence of the Polarization State | p. 372 |
| Non-Orthogonality of PSP's | p. 374 |
| PMD and PDL Evolution Equations | p. 376 |
| Separation of PMD and PDL | p. 378 |
| References | p. 381 |
| Statistical Properties of Polarization in Fiber | p. 385 |
| Polarization Evolution Model | p. 388 |
| Random Birefringent Orientation | p. 389 |
| Random Component Birefringence | p. 391 |
| Polarization Diffusion | p. 392 |
| RMS Differential-Group Delay Evolution | p. 397 |
| PMD Statistics | p. 399 |
| Probability Densities | p. 401 |
| Autocorrelation Functions | p. 408 |
| Mean-DGD Measurement Uncertainty | p. 414 |
| Discrete Waveplate Model | p. 417 |
| Karhunen-Loève Expansion of Brownian Motion | p. 419 |
| PDL Statistics | p. 422 |
| References | p. 425 |
| Review of Polarization Test and Measurement | p. 429 |
| SOP Measurement | p. 430 |
| PDL Measurement | p. 432 |
| PMD Measurement | p. 436 |
| Mean DGD Measurement | p. 438 |
| PMD Vector Measurement | p. 440 |
| Polarization OTDR | p. 450 |
| Programmable PMD Sources | p. 451 |
| Sources of DGD and Depolarization | p. 454 |
| ECHO Sources | p. 463 |
| Receiver Performance Validation | p. 478 |
| References | p. 483 |
| Addition of Multiple Coherent Waves | p. 491 |
| Select Magnetic Field Profiles | p. 493 |
| References | p. 496 |
| Efficient Calculation of PMD Spectra | p. 497 |
| Multidimensional Gaussian Deviates | p. 505 |
| Index | p. 509 |
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