Optimal Designs of Sensor Placement in Water Distribution Systems

Water Quality Monitoring and Contamination Detection

By: Shweta Rathi, Rajesh Gupta, D. P. Kothari

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eText | 25 September 2025 | Edition Number 1

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The dual purpose of regular monitoring and contaminant event detection in the water distribution systems (WDSs) can be achieved through sensors that can monitor general water quality constituents, such as pH, residual chlorine, conductivity, temperature, etc. This book details different sensor placement parameters considered for contamination detection and regular/routine water quality monitoring in WDSs and their evaluations. It covers genetic algorithm (GA)-based methodology, selecting a specified number of optimal sensor locations using combined weighted objectives. Applications to different pressure-deficient systems and intermittent systems are explained as part of a case study in India.

Features:

Reviews existing methodologies on the solutions to water contamination and sensor placements in the water distribution systems (WDSs).
Discusses regular water quality monitoring techniques including the methodology and guidelines of water quality monitoring techniques.
Includes applications on the methodologies under different cases, such as PDA, considering risk-based sensor placement.
Provides illustrative examples with the proposed alternative algorithm both for single- and multi-source networks.
Examines applications of the proposed GA-based optimal sensor location modeled to a real-life scenario.

This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in civil engineering, civil and environmental engineering, environmental engineering, hydraulic engineering, water supply/resources engineering, and hydro-informatics.