| Preface | p. xi |
| Examples and Introduction | p. 1 |
| Outline of the Chapter | p. 1 |
| An Introductory Example: Controlling the Temperature of a Fluid Flow | p. 1 |
| An Example from Internet Regulation | p. 5 |
| Models With Finite-Dimensional Equivalences | p. 10 |
| Weak Convergence and Martingales | p. 13 |
| Outline of the Chapter | p. 13 |
| Weak Convergence | p. 14 |
| Basic Theorems of Weak Convergence | p. 15 |
| The Function Spaces D(S;I) | p. 17 |
| Martingales and the Martingale Method | p. 18 |
| Martingales | p. 18 |
| Verifying That a Process Is a Martingale | p. 20 |
| Stochastic Delay Equations: Models | p. 23 |
| Outline of the Chapter | p. 23 |
| The System Model: Boundary Absorption | p. 25 |
| Reflecting Diffusions | p. 30 |
| The Reflected Diffusion | p. 30 |
| Delayed Control, Reflection Term, and/or Wiener Process | p. 35 |
| Neutral Equations | p. 37 |
| Controlled Variance and Jumps | p. 37 |
| The Girsanov Transformation | p. 38 |
| Cost Functions | p. 40 |
| Existence of an Optimal Control | p. 43 |
| Reflecting or Absorbing Boundary: Discounted Cost | p. 43 |
| Singular and Impulsive Controls | p. 50 |
| Singular Controls | p. 50 |
| Definition of and Existence of Solutions | p. 51 |
| Existence of an Optimal Control | p. 56 |
| Impulsive Controls | p. 58 |
| Approximations to the Dynamical Models | p. 61 |
| Outline of the Chapter | p. 61 |
| Approximations of the Dynamical Systems | p. 63 |
| A Basic Approximation | p. 63 |
| Approximations by Time-Varying Delays | p. 69 |
| Discretized Delays | p. 69 |
| Periodic Delays | p. 71 |
| Randomly Varying Delays | p. 73 |
| Periodic-Erlang Delays | p. 75 |
| Convergence of Costs and Existence of Optimal Controls | p. 77 |
| Differential Operator for the Periodic-Erlang Approximation | p. 78 |
| Simulations Illustrating the Model Approximations | p. 78 |
| Simulations Based on the Periodic Approximation | p. 78 |
| Simulations Based on the Periodic-Erlang Approximation | p. 82 |
| Approximations: Path and Control Delayed | p. 84 |
| Singular Controls | p. 90 |
| Rapidly Varying Delays | p. 92 |
| The Ergodic Cost Problem | p. 97 |
| Outline of the Chapter | p. 97 |
| The Basic Model | p. 98 |
| Relaxed Feedback Controls | p. 98 |
| Density Properties and Preliminary Results | p. 101 |
| The Doeblin Condition | p. 105 |
| Approximations of the Models | p. 107 |
| Approximations with Periodic Delays | p. 110 |
| Limit and Approximation Results for Periodic Delays | p. 110 |
| Smoothed Nearly Optimal Controls | p. 115 |
| Delays in the Variance Term | p. 117 |
| The Periodic-Erlang Approximation | p. 118 |
| Markov Chain Approximations: Introduction | p. 125 |
| Outline of the Chapter | p. 125 |
| The System Model | p. 126 |
| Approximating Chains and Local Consistency | p. 127 |
| Continuous-Time Interpolations | p. 131 |
| The Continuous-Time Interpolation | p. 131 |
| A Markov Continuous-Time Interpolation | p. 133 |
| The "Explicit" Approximation Procedure | p. 137 |
| The "Implicit" Approximating Processes | p. 140 |
| The General Implicit Approximation Method | p. 142 |
| Continuous-Time Interpolations | p. 144 |
| Representations of the Cost Function | p. 146 |
| Asymptotic Equivalence of the Timescales | p. 147 |
| Convergence | p. 149 |
| Singular and Impulsive Controls | p. 149 |
| Singular Controls | p. 149 |
| Impulsive Control | p. 153 |
| The Ergodic Cost Function | p. 153 |
| Introduction | p. 153 |
| The Markov Chain Approximation Method | p. 154 |
| Markov Chain Approximations: Path and Control Delayed | p. 159 |
| Outline of the Chapter | p. 159 |
| The Model and Local Consistency | p. 161 |
| The Models | p. 161 |
| Delay in Path Only: Local Consistency and Interpolations | p. 162 |
| Delay in the Path and Control | p. 167 |
| Absorbing Boundaries and Other Cost Functions | p. 171 |
| Approximations to the Memory Segments | p. 172 |
| Computational Procedures | p. 175 |
| Delay in Path Only: State Representations and the Bellman Equation | p. 175 |
| Delay in the Both Path and Control | p. 178 |
| A Comment on Higher-Dimensional Problems | p. 179 |
| The Implicit Numerical Approximation: Path Delayed | p. 180 |
| Local Consistency and the Memory Segment | p. 180 |
| The Cost Function and Bellman Equation | p. 185 |
| The Use of Averaging in Constructing the Path Memory Approximation | p. 186 |
| Timescales | p. 187 |
| Convergence Theorems | p. 188 |
| The Implicit Approximation Procedure and the Random Delay Model | p. 189 |
| Path and Control Delayed: Continued | p. 193 |
| Outline of the Chapter | p. 193 |
| Periodic Approximations to the Delay: Path Delayed | p. 194 |
| A Periodic-Erlang Model | p. 196 |
| The Number of Points in the State Space: Path Only Delayed | p. 200 |
| The Implicit and Periodic-Erlang Approximation Methods: Reduced Memory | p. 200 |
| Control and Path Delayed | p. 203 |
| A Periodic Approximating Memory Segment | p. 204 |
| A Periodic-Erlang Approximation | p. 207 |
| Proofs of Convergence | p. 213 |
| Proofs of Theorems from Chapter 7 | p. 213 |
| Proof of Theorem 4.1 | p. 218 |
| Singular Controls | p. 219 |
| Neutral Equations | p. 220 |
| The Ergodic Cost Problem | p. 222 |
| A Wave Equation Approach | p. 227 |
| Outline of the Chapter | p. 227 |
| The Model and Assumptions | p. 228 |
| A Key Representation of x (.) | p. 230 |
| A Representation of the Solution | p. 230 |
| Comments on the Dimension and the System State | p. 231 |
| Proof of the Representation | p. 232 |
| Extensions | p. 235 |
| A Discrete-Time Approximation | p. 236 |
| The Markov Chain Approximation | p. 240 |
| Preliminaries and Boundaries | p. 242 |
| Transition Probabilities and Local Consistency: An Implicit Approximation Procedure | p. 242 |
| Dynamical Representations, the Cost Function and Bellman Equation | p. 248 |
| Size of the State Space for the Approximating Chain | p. 250 |
| Proof of Convergence: Preliminaries | p. 252 |
| The Randomization Errors | p. 252 |
| Continuous Time Interpolations | p. 255 |
| Convergence of the Numerical Algorithm | p. 259 |
| Alternatives: Periodic and Periodic-Erlang Approximations | p. 261 |
| A Periodic Approximation | p. 261 |
| The Effective Delay and Numerical Procedures | p. 265 |
| Singular and Impulsive Controls | p. 265 |
| References | p. 267 |
| Index | p. 273 |
| Symbol Index | p. 277 |
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