Materials Engineering and Science

Preface ix

Acknowledgments xiii

About the Companion Website xv

1 The Structure of Materials 1

1.0 Introduction and Objectives 1

1.1 Structure of Metals and Alloys 25

1.2 Structure of Ceramics and Glasses 54

1.3 Structure of Polymers 66

1.4 Structure of Composites 90

1.5 Structure of Biologics 102

References 116

Problems 118

2 Thermodynamics of Condensed Phases 125

2.0 Introduction and Objectives 125

2.1 Thermodynamics of Metals and Alloys 129

2.2 Thermodynamics of Ceramics and Glasses 153

2.3 Thermodynamics of Polymers 173

2.4 Thermodynamics of Composites 178

2.5 Thermodynamics of Biologics 181

References 187

Problems 188

3 Kinetic Processes in Materials 193

3.0 Introduction and Objectives 193

3.1 Kinetic Processes in Metals and Alloys 196

3.2 Kinetic Processes in Ceramics and Glasses â- 210

3.3 Kinetic Processes in Polymers 223

3.4 Kinetic Processes in Composites â- 242

3.5 Kinetic Processes in Biologics â- 249

References 252

Problems 253

4 Transport Properties of Materials 257

4.0 Introduction and Objectives 257

4.1 Momentum Transport Properties of Materials â- 259

4.2 Heat Transport Properties of Materials 285

4.3 Mass Transport Properties of Materials â- 311

References 340

Problems 341

5 Mechanics of Materials 345

5.0 Introduction and Objectives 345

5.1 Mechanics of Metals and Alloys 346

5.2 Mechanics of Ceramics and Glasses 381

5.3 Mechanics of Polymers 404

5.4 Mechanics of Composites 424

5.5 Mechanics of Biologics 440

References 455

Problems 458

6 Electrical, Magnetic, and Optical Properties of Materials 463

6.0 Electrical Properties of Materials 464

6.1 Magnetic Properties of Materials 522

6.2 Optical Properties of Materials 554

References 579

Problems 581

7 Processing of Materials 585

7.0 Introduction and Objectives 585

7.1 Processing of Metals and Alloys 589

7.2 Processing of Ceramics and Glasses 603

7.3 Processing of Polymers 623

7.4 Processing of Composites 656

7.5 Processing of Biologics 663

References 668

Problems 669

Appendix 1: Structure of Some Common Polymers 671

Appendix 2: Composition of Common Alloys 675

Appendix 3: Surface and Interfacial Energies 685

Appendix 4: Thermal Conductivities of Selected Materials 689

Appendix 5: Diffusivities in Selected Systems 697

Appendix 6: Mechanical Properties of Selected Materials 699

Appendix 7: Electrical Conductivity of Selected Materials 707

Appendix 8: Refractive Index of Selected Materials 713

Index 717