IEC 61131-3: Programming Industrial Automation Systems

Cover13; -- Preface of the 2nd revised edition -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Subject of the Book -- 1.2 The IEC 61131 standard -- 1.2.1 Goals and benefits of the standard -- 1.2.2 History and components -- 1.3 The Organisation PLCopen -- 1.3.1 Aims of PLCopen -- 1.3.2 Committees and fields of activity -- 1.3.3 Results -- Chapter 2 Building Blocks of IEC 61131-3 -- 2.1 Introduction to the New Standard -- 2.1.1 Structure of the building blocks -- 2.1.2 Introductory example written in IL -- 2.1.3 PLC assignment -- 2.2 The Program Organisation Unit (POU) -- 2.3 Elements of a POU -- 2.3.1 Example -- 2.3.2 Declaration part -- 2.3.3 Code part -- 2.4 The Function Block -- 2.4.1 Instances of function blocks -- 2.4.2 Re-usable and object-oriented FBs -- 2.4.3 Types of variables in FBs -- 2.5 The Function -- 2.5.1 Types of variables in functions and the function value -- 2.6 The Program -- 2.7 The Execution control with EN and ENO -- 2.8 Calling Functions and Function Blocks -- 2.8.1 Mutual calls of POUs -- 2.8.2 Recursive calls are invalid -- 2.8.3 Extendibility and overloading -- 2.8.4 Calling with formal parameters -- 2.8.5 Calls with input parameters omitted or in a different order -- 2.8.6 FB instances as actual FB parameters -- 2.9 Summary of POU Features -- Chapter 3 Variables, Data Types and Common Elements -- 3.1 Simple Language Elements -- 3.1.1 Reserved keywords -- 3.2 Literals and Identifiers -- 3.2.1 Literals -- 3.2.2 Identifiers -- 3.2.3 Comments -- 3.2.4 Pragmas -- 3.3 Meanings of Data Types and Variables -- 3.3.1 From direct PLC addresses via symbols to variables -- 3.3.2 The data type determines the properties of variables -- 3.3.3 Type-specific use of variables -- 3.3.4 Automatic mapping of variables onto the PLC -- 3.4 Data Types -- 3.4.1 Elementary data types -- 3.4.2 Derived data types (type definition) -- 3.4.3 Generic data types -- 3.5 Variables -- 3.5.1 Inputs, outputs and flags as special variables -- 3.5.2 Multi-element variables: arrays and structures -- 3.5.3 Assignment of initial values at the start of a program -- 3.5.4 Attributes of variable types -- 3.5.5 Graphical representation of variable declarations -- Chapter 4 The Programming Languages of IEC 61131-3 -- 4.1 Instruction List IL -- 4.1.1 Instruction in IL -- 4.1.2 The universal accumulator (Current Result) -- 4.1.3 Operators -- 4.1.4 Using functions and function blocks -- 4.1.5 IL example: Mountain railway -- 4.2 Structured Text ST -- 4.2.1 ST statements -- 4.2.2 Expression: Partial statement in ST -- 4.2.3 Statement: Assignment -- 4.2.4 Statement: Call of function blocks -- 4.2.5 Statement: RETURN -- 4.2.6 Statement: Selection and Multi- selection -- 4.2.7 Statement: Iteration -- 4.2.8 Example: Stereo cassette recorder -- 4.3 Function Block Diagram FBD -- 4.3.1 Networks, graphical elements and connections of LD and FBD -- 4.3.2 Network architecture in FBD -- 4.3.3 Graphical objects in FBD -- 4.3.4 Programming methods in FBD -- 4.3.5 Example: Stereo cassette recorder -- 4.4 Ladder Diagram LD -- 4.4.1 Networks, graphical elements and connections (LD) -- 4.4.2 Network architecture in LD -- 4.4.3 Graphical objects in LD -- 4.4.4 Programming methods in LD -- 4.4.5 Example in Ladder Diagram: Mountain railway -- 4.5 The American w.