Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization and Applications

About the Authors xi

Foreword xiii

Preface xv

Acronyms xix

Symbols xxiii

1 Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms and Evolutionary Large-Scale Optimization 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) 5

1.3 Evolutionary Large-Scale Optimization 21

1.4 Summary 24

2 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 31

2.1 Introduction 31

2.2 Test Problems for Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 32

2.3 Performance Indicators 54

2.4 Test Problems for Sparse Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 58

2.5 Performance Indicator for Sparse Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 71

2.6 Summary 76

3 Evolutionary Algorithms for Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 83

3.1 Introduction 83

3.2 Random Grouping-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 89

3.3 Decision Variable Clustering-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 93

3.4 Problem Reformulation-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 101

3.5 Competitive Swarm Optimizer-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 106

3.6 Experimental Comparisons 110

3.7 Summary 112

4 Evolutionary Algorithms for Sparse Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization 119

4.1 Introduction 119

4.2 Bi-Level Encoding-Based Evolutionary Algorithm 121

4.3 Machine Learning-Assisted Evolutionary Algorithm 127

4.4 Data Mining-Assisted Evolutionary Algorithm 134

4.5 Experimental Comparisons 143

4.6 Summary 146

5 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization for Community Detection in Complex Networks 151

5.1 Introduction 151

5.2 Network Reduction-Based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Community Detection 152

5.3 Parallel Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Community Detection 165

5.4 Summary 178

6 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization in Logistics Scheduling 183

6.1 Introduction 183

6.2 Evolutionary Multi-Objective Route Grouping-Based Heuristic Algorithm for Large-Scale Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problems 184

6.3 Clustering-Based Surrogate-Assisted Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Shelter Location Problem Under Uncertainty of Road Networks 195

6.4 Summary 206

7 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization in Power Systems 211

7.1 Introduction 211

7.2 Ratio Error Estimation of Voltage Transformers 212

7.3 Problem Knowledge-Driven Coevolutionary Algorithm for Time-Varying Ratio Error Estimation 221

7.4 Summary 229

8 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization in Radiotherapy Planning 235

8.1 Introduction 235

8.2 Problem Formulation 237

8.3 Bi-Encoding Coevolutionary Algorithm for IMRT Planning 240

8.4 Experimental Studies 252

8.5 Summary 255

9 Evolutionary Large-Scale Multi-Objective Optimization in Deep Learning 259

9.1 Introduction 259

9.2 Gradient-Guided Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for Training Deep Neural Networks 260

9.3 Action Command Encoding-Based Surrogate-Assisted Evolutionary Algorithm for Neural Architecture Search 288

9.4 Summary 310

References 310

Index 319