Engineering Databases

1 Significance of Engineering Databases.- 1.1 The Situation.- 1.1.1 Evolution of Engineering/Scientific Data Processing (CAx).- 1.1.2 Oceans of Information.- 1.1.3 Bridging the Islands.- 1.2 The Solution.- 1.2.1 Integration Through Databases.- 1.2.2 CIE: Computer Integrated Enterprise.- 1.3 The Architecture of an Engineering Database System.- 1.3.1 Conceptual Aspects.- 1.3.2 Hybrid Solutions.- 1.4 Organizational Procedures.- 1.4.1 Information Engineering.- 1.4.2 Management Aspects.- 1.5 Further Reading.- 2 Database Technology.- 2.1 Concepts and Terminology.- 2.1.1 Characteristics of Database Systems.- 2.1.2 Operation of Database Systems.- 2.1.3 Outline of the Chapter.- 2.1.4 A Running Example.- 2.2 Data Organization and Manipulation: Current Status.- 2.2.1 The Classical Data Models.- 2.2.1.1 The Hierarchical Data Model.- 2.2.1.2 The Network Data Model.- 2.2.1.3 The Relational Data Model.- 2.2.2 Database System Interfaces.- 2.2.2.1 Database Languages and Standards.- 2.2.2.2 The Hierarchical Data Model.- 2.2.2.3 The Network Data Model.- 2.2.2.4 The Relational Data Model.- 2.2.3 Database Consistency.- 2.2.3.1 Consistency Control.- 2.2.3.2 Expressing Consistency Constraints.- 2.2.4 Concurrency.- 2.2.5 Database Recovery.- 2.2.6 Transaction Management.- 2.2.7 Miscellaneous Services.- 2.2.7.1 Protection.- 2.2.7.2 Mass Data Input and Output.- 2.2.7.3 Data Dictionary.- 2.2.8 System Organization and Environment.- 2.2.8.1 Distribution Aspects.- 2.2.8.2 Hardware and Operating System Aspects.- 2.2.9 Performance Control.- 2.2.10 Further Reading.- 2.3 Database Systems for Engineering Applications: A New Focus.- 2.3.1 Perspectives.- 2.3.2 Data Model.- 2.3.3 Database System Interface.- 2.3.4 Database Consistency.- 2.3.5 Concurrency.- 2.3.6 Database Recovery.- 2.3.7 Transaction Management.- 2.3.8 Miscellaneous Services.- 2.3.9 System Organization.- 2.3.10 Performance Control.- 2.4 Data Organization and Manipulation: Taking Care of the New Focus.- 2.4.1 Trends and Objectives.- 2.4.2 Data Models.- 2.4.2.1 Semantic Concepts.- 2.4.2.2 Object Identification.- 2.4.2.3 Objects and Relationships.- 2.4.2.4 Attributes.- 2.4.2.5 Object-Oriented Database Systems.- 2.4.3 Other Issues.- 2.4.4 Further Reading.- 3 Utilization of Engineering Databases.- 3.1 Motivation.- 3.2 Database Schema Design.- 3.2.1 Principles of Schema Definition.- 3.2.2 Typical Situations.- 3.2.3 Objects and Interdependencies.- 3.2.3.1 Object Representations.- 3.2.3.2 Object Interdependencies.- 3.2.3.3 Library and Object Overlapping Information.- 3.3 Version Management.- 3.3.1 Version Generation in the Course of a Design Process.- 3.3.2 Modeling of Version Interrelations.- 3.3.3 Configuration Modeling Based on Version Management.- 3.3.4 Support of Design Control.- 3.3.5 Version and Configuration Management Based on DAMOKLES.- 3.4 Generating and Entering Data.- 3.4.1 Criteria for Characterizing the Generation Process.- 3.4.2 Commercial Applications.- 3.4.3 Engineering Applications.- 3.4.4 Example.- 3.5 Archiving Database Objects.- 3.5.1 General Requirements for an Archiving Mechanism in a Database System.- 3.5.2 Archiving Objects.- 3.5.3 Archiving Versions.- 3.5.4 Archiving Configurations.- 3.6 Data Interchange.- 3.6.1 Importance of Data Interchange in Engineering Applications.- 3.6.2 Data Interchange in Different Levels of System Integration.- 3.6.3 Kind and Structure of Interchange Data.- 3.6.4 Requirements for Data Interchange in New Comprehensive Applications.- 3.6.5 Example of a New Format for VLSI-Design: EDIF.- 3.7 Application Programming.- 3.7.1 Application Programming in Different Levels of System Integration.- 3.7.2 Use of Database Functions for Application Programming.- 3.8 Further Reading.- 4 Case Studies.- 4.1 VLSI Design.- 4.1.1 The E.I.S. Project - Conception of an Integrated Open VLSI Design System.- 4.1.2 Representation of Design Information in Relational Databases.- 4.1.2.1 Modeling of Design Objects for Extensions of Relational Databases.- 4.1.2.2 Implementing an Operational Interface on Top of the Relational Database System ORACLE.- 4.1.3 EDIF-Oriented Design Systems.- 4.1.3.1 EDIF-Oriented Database Schemes.- 4.1.3.2 The EDIF System - Support Tools for Checking and Previewing EDIF.- 4.2 Software Engineering.- 4.2.1 Software Engineering Environments.- 4.2.1.1 Requirements of Software Engineering.- 4.2.1.2 A System Engineering Environment.- 4.2.2 The PRODAT Object Model.- 4.2.2.1 Simple Objects.- 4.2.2.2 Structured Objects and Relationships.- 4.2.2.3 Completeness of Objects.- 4.2.2.4 Standard Relationships in Software Engineering.- 4.2.2.5 Versions.- 4.2.2.6 Configurations.- 4.2.3 Tool Using PRODAT - The Object Editor.- 4.2.4 PRODAT as Interface to DAMOKLES in Software Engineering.- 4.3 Further Reading.