Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery

Contents 1. Introduction 1. The Evolution from the Open Craniotomy to Fully Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery 2. Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery in Practice 2. Anesthetic Considerations in Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery 1. Introduction 2. Preoperative Assessment 3. General Considerations 4. Special Considerations 5. Future Challenges 3. Neuroendocrine Aspects of Skull Base Surgery Introduction 2. Pituitary Tumors 3. Hormonal Deficiencies caused by Pituitary Tumors 4. Long-term Follow-up of Pituitary Tumor Patients 4. Interventional Neuroradiology Aspects of Skull Base Surgery 1. Introduction 2. Embolization of Skull Base Tumors 3. Testing and/or Permanent Occlusion of the Internal Carotid Artery 4. Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling 5. Instrumentation in Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery 1. Introduction 2. Rigid Endoscopes 3. Irrigation Sheaths and Pumps 4. Pneumatically-Powered Holding Arms 5. Xenon System Light Sources 6. High-Definition Cameras 7. Digital Monitors 8. DVD Recorders 9. Polaroid Digital Photo Printers 10. Nerve Monitoring Devices 11. Microdrill Handpieces, Attachments, and Burrs 12. Micro-Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (MicroCUSA) Handpieces and Tips 13. Specialized Endoscopic Microinstruments 6. The Fully Endoscopic Endonasal Approach 1. Introduction 2. Indications 3. Instrumentation 4. Operating Room Setup 5. Patient Positioning 6. Operative Technique 7. Illustrative Cases 8. Potential Complications 9. Avoiding Complications in Author???s Experience 7. The Fully Endoscopic Transglabellar Approach 1. Introduction 2. Indications 3. Instrumentation 4. Operating Room Setup 5. Patient Positioning 6. Operative Technique 7. Illustrative Cases 8. Potential Complications 9. Avoiding Complications in Author???s Experience 8. The Fully Endoscopic Supraorbital Approach 1. Introduction 2. Indications 3. Instrumentation 4. Operating Room Setup 5. Patient Positioning 6. Operative Technique 7. Illustrative Cases 8. Potential Complications 9. Avoiding Complications in Author???s Experience 9. The Fully Endoscopic Retrosigmoid Approach 1. Introduction 2. Indications 3. Instrumentation 4. Operating Room Setup 5. Patient Positioning 6. Operative Technique 7. Illustrative Cases 8. Potential Complications 9. Avoiding Complications in Author???s Experience 10. The Fully Endoscopic Subtemporal Approach 1. Introduction 2. Indications 3. Instrumentation 4. Operating Room Setup 5. Patient Positioning 6. Operative Technique 7. Illustrative Cases 8. Potential Complications 9. Avoiding Complications in Author???s Experience