Disputed Moral Issues A Reader

Preface User's Guide 1. A Moral Theory Primer 1. What Is a Moral Theory? 2. Eight Essential Moral Theories A. Consequentialism B. Natural Law Theory C. Kantian Moral Theory D. Rights-Based Moral Theory E. Ethics of Prima Facie Duty F. Social Contract Theory G. Virtue Ethics H. Care Ethics 3. Coping with Many Moral Theories 2. Moral Theory Selections Mark Timmons / Why I Am Not a Moral Relativist (and Neither Are You) J. S. Mill / Utilitarianism St. Thomas Aquinas / Treatise on Law Immanuel Kant / The Moral Law John Locke / Natural Rights W. D. Ross / What Makes Right Actions Right? John Rawls / A Theory of Justice Aristotle / Virtue and Character Stephanie Collins / Care Ethics: The Four Key Claims Additional Resources 3. Sex John Finnis / Law, Morality, and 'Sexual Orientation' John Corvino / What's Wrong with Homosexuality? Karamvir Chadha / Sex and Consent Robin West / The Harms of Consensual Sex Joan McGregor / What Is the Harm of Rape? Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 4. Freedom of Speech J. S. Mill / On Liberty Andrew Altman / Speech Codes and Expressive Harm Greg Lukianoff and Jonathan Haidt / The Coddling of the American Mind Kate Manne / Why I Use Trigger Warnings Robert Mark Simpson and Amia Srinivasan / No Platforming Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 5. Drugs Michael Huemer / America's Unjust Drug War Peter de Marneffe / Decriminalize, Don't Legalize Robert E. Goodin / Permissible Paternalism: Saving Smokers From Themselves Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 6. Racism J. L. A. Garcia / The Heart of Racism Tommie Shelby / Is Racism in the "Heart"? Myisha Cherry / State Racism, State Violence, and Vulnerable Solidarity Daniel Kelly and Erica Roedder / Racial Cognition and the Ethics of Implicit Bias Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 7. The Ethics of Immigration Stephen Macedo / The Moral Dilemma of U.S. Immigration Policy: Open Borders versus Social Justice? Joseph H. Carens / Migration and Morality: A Liberal Egalitarian Perspective Christopher Heath Wellman / Immigration and Freedom of Association Sarah Fine / Freedom of Association Is Not the Answer Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 8. Euthanasia Leon R. Kass / Why Doctor's Must Not Kill Dan Brock / Voluntary Active Euthanasia David Velleman / Against the Right to Die Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 9. Abortion John Noonan / An Almost Absolute Value in History Mary Ann Warren / On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion Don Marquis / Why Abortion Is Immoral Judith Jarvis Thomson / A Defense of Abortion Margaret Olivia Little / The Moral Complexities of Abortion Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 10. Emerging Technology Shannon Vallor / Moral Deskilling and Upskilling in a New Machine Age: Reflections on the Ambiguous Future of Character Michael J. Sandel / The Case Against Perfection Frances M. Kamm / Is There a Problem with Enhancement? Antti Kauppinen / Who Should Bear the Risk When Self-Driving Vehicles Crash Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 11. Guns Hugh LaFollette / Gun Control Michael Huemer / Is There a Right to Own a Gun? Nicholas Dixon / Gun Control, Philosophers, and a Right to Self Defense Timothy Hsiao / How to Think About the Gun Control Debate Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 12. The Death Penalty Igor Primoratz / Justifying the Death Penalty Stephen Nathanson / An Eye for an Eye? Ernest van den Haag / A Defense of the Death Penalty Jeffrey H. Reiman / Civilization, Safety, and Deterrence Michael Cholbi and Alex Madva / Black Lives Matter and the Call for Death Penalty Abolition Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 13. War and Terrorism Jonathan Parry / War and Moral Consistency Cheyney Ryan / Pacifism Suzanne Uniacke / The Wrongness of Terrorism Daniel Statman / Drones and Robots: On the Changing Practice of Warfare Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 14. Global Poverty Garrett Hardin / Lifeboat Ethics Peter Singer / The Life You Can Save John Arthur / World Hunger and Moral Obligation Elizabeth Ashford / Severe Poverty as an Unjust Emergency Onora O'Neill / Rights, Obligations, and World Hunger Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 15. The Ethical Treatment of Animals Peter Singer / All Animals Are Equal Alastair Norcross / Puppies, Pigs, and People: Eating Meat and Marginal Cases Donald W. Bruckner / The Vegan's Dilemma Lori Gruen / Experimenting with Animals Philip Kitcher / Experimental Animals Cases for Analysis Additional Resources 16. Climate Change Stephen M. Gardiner / A Perfect Moral Storm: Climate Change, Intergenerational Ethics, and the Problem of Moral Corruption Kyle Powys Whyte / Way Beyond the Lifeboat: An Indigenous Allegory of Climate Justice Jonathan H. Adler / A Conservative's Approach to Combatting Climate Change Walter Sinnott-Armstrong / It's Not My Fault: Global Warming and Individual Moral Obligations Marion Hourdequin / Climate, Collective Action, and Individual Ethical Obligations Cases for Analysis Additional Resources Appendix Glossary