Preface to the second edition xv
About the companion website xvii
1 Introduction to Physics 1
1.1 Speed and Velocity 1
1.2 Acceleration 1
1.3 Mass 2
1.4 Gravitation 2
1.5 Weight 3
1.6 Volume 4
1.7 Density 4
1.8 Specific Gravity 6
1.9 Newton's First Law of Motion 6
1.10 Newton's Second Law of Motion 6
1.11 Newton's Third Law of Motion 7
1.12 Friction 7
1.13 Work 8
1.14 Energy 9
1.15 Power 11
Exercise 1.1 12
Reference/Further reading 12
2 Introduction to chemistry 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 Electrovalency and covalency 15
2.3 Elements and Compounds 18
2.4 Symbols and Formulae 19
2.5 Acids and bases 20
Exercise 2.1 22
References/Further reading 23
3 Effects of Chemicals and the Atmosphere on Materials 25
3.1 Introduction 25
3.2 Oxidation 25
3.3 Electrolysis 27
3.4 Electrolytic Corrosion 28
3.5 Applications of Electrolysis 32
3.6 Acid rain 33
References/Further Reading 33
4 Electricity 35
4.1 Introduction 35
4.2 Coulomb's law 35
4.3 Electric current 36
4.4 Potential difference 36
4.5 Electromotive force (e.m.f.) 37
4.6 Ohm's law 37
4.7 Electrical resistivity and conductivity 39
4.8 Resistors in Series/Parallel 39
4.9 Transformers 43
4.10 Power generation 44
4.11 Power distribution 45
4.12 Supply to small buildings 47
Exercise 4.1 48
Reference/Further reading 49
5 Introduction to Construction Technology 51
5.1 Introduction 51
5.2 Substructure and Superstructure 51
5.3 Foundations 53
5.4 Forms of Construction 55
5.5 The External Envelope 56
References/Further Reading 61
6 Introduction to Building Services 63
6.1 Introduction 63
6.2 Cold Water Supply 63
6.3 Hot Water Supply 65
6.4 Central Heating Systems 65
6.5 Underfloor Heating Systems 66
6.6 Drainage Systems 67
6.7 Integration of Services into Building Design 68
References/Further Reading 72
7 Thermal Energy 1 73
7.1 Introduction 73
7.2 Temperature 73
7.3 Units of Heat 74
7.4 States of Matter 75
7.5 Expansion and Contraction of Solids 77
7.6 Heat Transfer 81
Exercise 7.1 86
References/Further Reading 86
8 Thermal Energy 2 (Including Humidity) 87
8.1 Introduction 87
8.2 Thermal Insulation 87
8.3 Heat Transmission 90
8.4 Thermal Transmittance 92
8.5 Heat Loss from Buildings 98
8.6 Temperature Drop Through Materials 102
8.7 Humidity 104
8.8 Condensation 107
Exercise 8.1 116
References/Further Reading 117
9 Forces and Structures 1 119
9.1 Introduction 119
9.2 Force 119
9.3 Bending 120
9.4 Types of Loading 123
9.5 Stress and Strain 126
9.6 Elasticity 128
Exercise 9.1 132
References/Further Reading 133
10 Forces and structures 2 135
10.1 Moment of a force 135
10.2 Laws of equilibrium 139
10.3 Analysis of beams 139
10.4 Triangle of forces 156
Exercise 10.1 166
References/Further reading 169
11 Forces and structures 3 171
11.1 Introduction 171
11.2 Beams 171
11.3 Reinforced concrete (R.C.) beams 175
11.4 Steel beams 177
11.5 Timber joists 179
11.6 Slabs 182
11.7 Columns 183
11.8 Foundations 188
References/Further reading 192
12 Fluid mechanics 193
12.1 Introduction 193
12.2 Pressure of fluids at rest 193
12.3 Why do Liquids Flow? 196
12.4 Centre of pressure 197
12.5 The flow of a fluid 199
Exercise 12.1 208
References/Further reading 210
13 Sound 211
13.1 Introduction 211
13.2 Frequency, wavelength and velocity of sound 212
13.3 Measurement of sound 214
13.4 Addition of Sound Levels 217
13.5 Transmission of sound in buildings 219
13.6 Sound absorption 225
13.7 Sound?]level Meter 232
Exercise 13.1 232
References/Further reading 233
14 Light 235
14.1 Introduction 235
14.2 Additive and Subtractive Colours 236
14.3 Measuring light 237
14.4 Inverse Square Law of Illuminance 240
14.5 Lambert's Cosine Law of Illuminance 241
14.6 Lamps and luminaires 243
14.7 Design of Interior Lighting 245
14.8 Light meter 258
14.9 Daylighting 258
Exercise 14.1 261
References/Further reading 263
15 Human Comfort 265
15.1 Introduction 265
15.2 Temperature 265
15.3 Air movement 268
15.4 Humidity 269
15.5 Ventilation 269
15.6 Predicted Mean Vote 269
15.7 Noise 270
15.8 Lighting 271
References/Further Reading 272
16 Construction materials 273
16.1 Introduction 273
16.2 Bricks 274
16.3 Aerated Concrete Blocks 279
16.4 Cement 280
16.5 Concrete 284
16.6 Metals 291
16.7 Timber 296
16.8 Plastics 300
16.9 Glass 303
References/Further reading 306
17 Assignments 307
17.1 Assignments for Level 2 courses 307
17.2 Assignments for Level 3/4 courses 308
Appendix 1 Formulae for Example 8.2 313
Appendix 2 Solutions for Example 13.10 315
Appendix 3 Answers to exercises 317
Index 325
