Solid-State Fermentation Bioreactors

Cover -- Contents -- 1 Solid-State Fermentation Bioreactor Fundamentals: Introduction and Overview -- 1.1 What Is "Solid-state Fermentation"? -- 1.2 Why Should We Be Interested in SSF? -- 1.3 What Are the Current and Potential Applications of SSF? -- 1.4 Why Do We Need a Book on the Fundamentals of SSF Bioreactors? -- 1.5 How Is this Book Organized? -- 1.5.1 Introduction to Solid-State Fermentation and Bioreactors -- 1.5.2 Introduction to the Various Classes of SSF Bioreactors -- 1.5.3 Fundamentals of Modeling of SSF Bioreactors -- 1.5.4 Modeling Case Studies of SSF Bioreactors -- 1.5.5 Key Issues Associated with SSF Bioreactors -- 1.5.6 A Final Word -- Further Reading -- 2 The Bioreactor Step of SSF: A Complex Interaction of Phenomena -- 2.1 The Need for a Qualitative Understanding of SSF -- 2.2 The General Steps of an SSF Process -- 2.3 The Bioreactor Step of an SSF Process -- 2.4 The Physical Structure of SSF Bioreactor Systems -- 2.4.1 Macroscale View of the Phases in an SSF Bioreactor -- 2.4.2 A Microscale Snapshot of the Substrate Bed -- 2.5 A Dynamic View of the Processes Occurring -- 2.5.1 A Dynamic View with a Time Scale of Seconds to Minutes -- 2.5.2 A Dynamic View with a Time Scale of Hours to Days -- 2.6 Where Has this Description Led Us? -- Further Reading -- 3 Introduction to Solid-State Fermentation Bioreactors -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Bioreactor Selection and Design: General Questions -- 3.2.1 The Crucial Questions -- 3.2.2 Other Questions to Consider -- 3.3 Overview of Bioreactor Types -- 3.3.1 Basic Design Features of the Various Bioreactor Types -- 3.3.2 Overview of Operating Variables -- 3.4 A Guide for Bioreactor Selection -- Further Reading -- 4 Heat and Mass Transfer in Solid-State Fermentation Bioreactors: Basic Principles -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 An Overall Balance Over the Bioreactor -- 4.3 Looking Within the Bioreactor in More Detail -- 4.3.1 Phenomena Within Subsystems Within the Bioreactor -- 4.3.2 Transfer Between Subsystems When the Substrate Bed Is Treated as a Single Pseudo-Homogeneous Phase -- 4.3.3 Transfer Between Subsystems When the Substrate Bed Is Treated as Two Separate Phases -- 4.3.4 Bulk Gas Flow Patterns and Pressure Drops -- 4.3.5 Mixing Patterns in Agitated Beds of Solids -- Further Reading -- 5 The Scale-up Challenge for SSF Bioreactors -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 The Challenges Faced at Large Scale in SLF and SSF -- 5.3 The Reason Why Scale-up Is not Simple -- 5.4 Approaches to Scale-up of SSF Bioreactors -- Further Reading -- 6 Group I: Bioreactors: Unaerated and Unmixed -- 6.1 Basic Features, Design, and Operating Variables for Tray-type Bioreactors -- 6.2 Use of Bag Systems in Modern Processes -- 6.3 Heat and Mass Transfer in Tray Bioreactors -- 6.3.1 Oxygen Profiles Within Trays -- 6.3.2 Temperature Profiles Within Trays -- 6.3.3 Insights from Dynamic Modeling of Trays -- 6.4 Conc.