In Flatland, society is rigidly structured, and individuals' social status is determined by the number of sides they possess. Circles represent the highest social class, followed by polygons, and squares like the narrator occupy a lower position. The society strictly adheres to geometric rules and norms.The story begins when the narrator, A Square, receives a visit from a Sphere from the three-dimensional world of Spaceland. The Sphere introduces A Square to the idea of a third dimension, which is inconceivable to the two-dimensional inhabitants of Flatland. A Square's initial skepticism gradually turns into curiosity and awe as he grasps the concept of higher dimensions.As the narrative progresses, A Square embarks on a journey of self-discovery and encounters various geometrical beings, including Lines, Triangles, and even a Point. Through these encounters, the novella explores social and political issues, such as gender inequality and the limitations of perception and understanding."Flatland" serves as a social commentary on Victorian society, critiquing its rigid class structure, prejudice, and limited perspectives. Abbott uses the concept of dimensions to illustrate the dangers of narrow-mindedness and the importance of embracing different viewpoints and ideas.The novella is also notable for its influence on the field of mathematics and philosophical thought. It introduced readers to the concept of higher dimensions and helped popularize the study of geometry and the understanding of spatial dimensions.
