Universal Subgoaling and Chunking : The Automatic Generation and Learning of Goal Hierarchies

I. Universal Subgoaling.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. A Universal Weak Method.- 1.2. Requirements for Universal Subgoaling.- 1.3. Problem Spaces.- 2. The Soar Achitecture.- 2.1. Architecture Description.- 2.2. Soar as a Production System.- 2.3. Universal Subgoaling in Soar.- 2.4. The Universal Weak Method of Soar.- 2.5. The Rest of Soar.- 2.6. Review of Soar.- 3. Empirical Demonstration.- 3.1. Deliberate Subgoals.- 3.2. Universal Subgoaling.- 3.3. The Weak Methods.- 4. Discussion.- 4.1. Goals.- 4.2. Memory Management.- 4.3. Preferences.- 4.4. Production Systems.- 4.5. Future Work.- 5. Conclusion.- Acknowledgment.- References.- Appendix A. Universal Weak Method.- Appendix B. Weak Method Search Control.- II. The Chunking of Goal Hierarchies.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Practice.- 2.1. The Power Law of Practice.- 2.2. The Chunking Theory of Learning.- 2.3. The Results of Chunking in One Task.- 3. Stimulus-Response Compatibility.- 3.1. The Phenomena.- 3.2. Existing Stimulus-Response Compatibility Theory.- 3.3. The Algorithmic Model of Stimulus-Response Compatibility.- 3.4. Other Subphenomena and Experiments.- 4. Goal-Structured Models.- 4.1. The Basics of Goal Hierarchies.- 4.2. Chunking on Goal Hierarchies.- 4.3. A Revised Analysis of the Chunking Curve.- 5. The Xaps3 Architecture.- 5.1. Working Memory.- 5.2. Production Memory.- 5.3. The Cycle of Execution.- 5.4. Goal Processing.- 5.5. Chunking.- 6. Simulation Results.- 6.1. Update on the Seibel (1963) Task.- 6.2. The Compatibility Hierarchies.- 6.3. Compatibility and Practice.- 7. Discussion.- 7.1. On Choosing a Set of Model Operators.- 7.2. The Rate of Learning.- 7.3. Errors.- 7.4. Other Reaction-Time Phenomena.- 7.5. Relation to Previous Work on Learning Mechanisms.- 7.6. Chunking in More Complex Tasks.- 7.7. Chunking, Learning, and Problem-Space Search.- 8. Conclusion.- Acknowledgment.- References.- III. Towards Chunking As A General Learning Mechanism.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Soar-A General Problem-Solving Architecture.- 3. Chunking in Soar.- 4. Demonstration.- 4.1. Eight Puzzle.- 4.2. Tic-Tac-Toe.- 4.3. R1.- 4.4. Over-generalization.- 5. Conclusion.- Acknowledgment.- References.- Author Index.- I.- II.- III.