| Preface | p. xiii |
| List of Contributors | p. xvii |
| Comments On the Standard Model | p. 1 |
| Foreword | p. 1 |
| Lecture 1 - The role of the vacuum | p. 1 |
| Lecture 2 - The role of the Lorentz group | p. 5 |
| Lecture 3 - The role of the anomaly | p. 6 |
| Electromagnetic Trapping of Cold Atoms: an Overview | p. 11 |
| Road to the Physics of Ultracold Atoms | p. 11 |
| Laser Radiation Force on an Atom | p. 13 |
| Optical Trapping | p. 16 |
| Trapping in Laser Beams | p. 17 |
| Trapping in Standing Laser Waves. Optical Lattices | p. 19 |
| Evanescent Laser Wave. Atomic Mirror | p. 22 |
| Trapping in Optical Waveguides. Atomic Waveguides | p. 24 |
| Magnetic Trapping | p. 25 |
| Magneto-Optical Trapping | p. 29 |
| Gravito-Optical Traps and Cavities | p. 32 |
| Optical Trapping: Near-Field, Single Atoms, and Applications | p. 33 |
| Quantum Degeneracy in Lithium Gases | p. 41 |
| Introduction | p. 41 |
| Interactions in Dilute Gases | p. 41 |
| Mean-Field Theory | p. 42 |
| Photoassociative Spectroscopy | p. 42 |
| Implications of a < 0 | p. 44 |
| Apparatus and Methods for Making a BEC | p. 45 |
| Magnetic Trap | p. 45 |
| Evaporative Cooling | p. 46 |
| Phase-Contrast Imaging | p. 47 |
| Data Analysis | p. 48 |
| Experimental Results | p. 48 |
| Limited Condensate Number | p. 48 |
| Dynamics of Condensate Growth and Collapse | p. 49 |
| Theory | p. 49 |
| Experiment | p. 51 |
| Molecular Spectroscopy of a Bose-Einstein Condensate | p. 53 |
| Spectroscopy | p. 54 |
| Direct Observation of Growth and Collapse | p. 55 |
| Growth of the Condensate | p. 59 |
| Degenerate Fermi Gas of [superscript 6]Li | p. 60 |
| BCS Phase-Transition | p. 60 |
| Experiment | p. 61 |
| Future Experiments | p. 61 |
| Conclusions and Outlook | p. 62 |
| Experiments with Two Colliding Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Elongated Magneto-Static Trap | p. 67 |
| Introduction | p. 67 |
| Experimental setup | p. 69 |
| Gross-Pitaevskii theory for two coupled condensates | p. 71 |
| Center-of-Mass Motion in the Trap | p. 73 |
| CM dynamics after the ballistic expansion | p. 77 |
| Systematics | p. 80 |
| Condensate deformations and aspect ratios | p. 84 |
| Collective Oscillations in the Trap | p. 84 |
| Aspect Ratios after Expansion | p. 85 |
| Condensate | |
| Conclusions | p. 88 |
| Optical and Magnetic Trapping of Fermionic Potassium | p. 91 |
| Introduction | p. 91 |
| Sub-Doppler cooling in a magneto-optical trap and in optical molasses | p. 93 |
| Cold collisions of fermionic potassium atoms | p. 94 |
| Elastic and Inelastic Collisions of Ultracold Atoms | p. 94 |
| Cooper Pairing and Feshbach Resonances | p. 96 |
| Collisional physics in a tight optical trap | p. 97 |
| A Standing-Wave Optical Trap | p. 98 |
| Characterization of the Trapped Sample | p. 99 |
| Elastic Collisions in the Optical Trap | p. 101 |
| Magnetic trapping: prospects for evaporative cooling below the Fermi temperature | p. 103 |
| Formation of Quantized Vortices in a Gaseous Bose-Einstein Condensate | p. 109 |
| Introduction | p. 109 |
| The rotating bucket experiment | p. 111 |
| The experimental setup | p. 112 |
| Single and multiple vortices | p. 114 |
| Vortex nucleation versus stirring intensity and geometry | p. 117 |
| Conclusions | p. 120 |
| Spectroscopy with Trapped Francium | p. 125 |
| Introduction | p. 125 |
| Francium production and trapping | p. 126 |
| History | p. 126 |
| Francium production | p. 127 |
| The francium trap | p. 131 |
| Spectroscopy of Fr | p. 136 |
| Spectroscopy of 8S and 9S levels | p. 137 |
| Lifetime of the 7p electronic levels | p. 140 |
| Hyperfine anomaly | p. 148 |
| the 7D states of Fr | p. 150 |
| Experimental considerations for PNC | p. 151 |
| Conclusions | p. 155 |
| "White-Light" Laser Cooling and Trapping | p. 161 |
| Introduction | p. 161 |
| "White-Light" Laser Cooling | p. 162 |
| "White-Light" Cooling of Fast Ions Confined in a Storage Ring | p. 168 |
| "White-Light" Magneto-Optical Trapping | p. 172 |
| Magneto-Optical Trapping using Intercombination Transitions | p. 176 |
| Conclusions | p. 177 |
| Making Molecules From Laser-Cooled Atoms | p. 181 |
| Introduction | p. 181 |
| Photoassociation spectroscopy and molecules formation | p. 183 |
| Rubidium molecules: experiment | p. 187 |
| Rubidium molecules: results | p. 189 |
| Molecules formation in absence of photoassociation | p. 193 |
| Conclusion | p. 195 |
| Entanglement Manipulation in a Cavity Qed Experiment | p. 201 |
| Introduction | p. 201 |
| Microwave CQED experiments: The strong coupling regime | p. 203 |
| The experimental tools and orders of magnitude | p. 204 |
| Resonant atom-field interaction: The vacuum Rabi oscillation | p. 205 |
| "Quantum logic" operations based on the vacuum Rabi oscillation | p. 206 |
| Quantum non-demolition detection of a single photon | p. 208 |
| Quantum non-demolition strategies | p. 208 |
| The Ramsey interferometer for detecting a single photon | p. 209 |
| Experimental realization | p. 210 |
| Step by step synthesis of a three particles entangled state | p. 218 |
| The SP-QND scheme as a quantum phase gate | p. 218 |
| Building step by step three particle entanglement: Principle | p. 221 |
| Detection of the three-particle entanglement | p. 221 |
| Decoherence and quantum measurement | p. 227 |
| Quantum measurement theory | p. 227 |
| Observing progressive decoherence during a measurement process | p. 230 |
| Theoretical analysis | p. 235 |
| Decoherence and interpretation of a quantum measurement | p. 236 |
| Conclusion and perspectives | p. 238 |
| Mass Spectrometry at 100 Parts Per Trillion | p. 245 |
| Introduction and Overview | p. 245 |
| MIT Penning Trap | p. 245 |
| Squid Detector | p. 246 |
| Mode Coupling and II-Pulses | p. 247 |
| Pulse and Phase: Comparing Similar Masses | p. 247 |
| SOF: Comparing Dissimilar Masses | p. 247 |
| Analysis: Making a Mass Table | p. 249 |
| Towards Higher Precision | p. 251 |
| Simultaneous Cyclotron Measurements | p. 251 |
| Squeezing | p. 252 |
| Electronic Refrigeration | p. 252 |
| Scientific Applications | p. 253 |
| Electric Dipole Moments and Ion Storage Rings | p. 259 |
| Introduction | p. 259 |
| A Little History | p. 260 |
| Molecular Electric Dipole Moments | p. 261 |
| T-Odd Effects without CP Violation | p. 263 |
| CPT Theorem: Intuitive Approach | p. 264 |
| How does P-odd, T-odd interaction induce EDM? | p. 267 |
| Upper Limits on Electric Dipole Moments | p. 268 |
| Elementary particles | p. 268 |
| Atoms and Nuclei | p. 269 |
| Electric Dipole Moments at Storage Rings | p. 270 |
| Idea of New Muon EDM Experiment | p. 271 |
| Nuclear Dipole Moments at Ion Storage Rings | p. 272 |
| Conclusions | p. 274 |
| List of Participants | p. 279 |
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