Time, Causality, and the Quantum Theory

to Volumes I and II.- I: The Causal Theory of Time in the Works of Its Principal Representatives.- I. Leibniz and the Beginnings of the Causal Theory of Time.- 1. The Relational Theory.- 2. The Causal Theory.- II. Kant's Phenomenalist Interpretation of the Causal Theory of Time.- 1. General Remarks on Kant's Phenomenalism.- 2. The Causal Theory of Simultaneity.- 3. The Causal Theory of Succession.- 4. Examination of Schopenhauer's Criticism.- 5. The Plurality of Concepts of Time in Kant.- III. Lechalas' Adaptation of the Causal Theory of Time to the Laws of pre-Einsteinian Physics.- 1. General Remarks on Lechalas' Theory.- 2. The Principle of Determinism, Considered as Defining the Temporal Order.- 3. Physical Reversibility.- 4. Psycho-Physiological Reversibility.- 5. The Epistemological Interpretation of the Causal Theory.- IV. The Relativistic Phase of the Causal Theory of Time: The Axiomatic Systems of Robb and Carnap.- 1. Robb's System.- 2. Carnap's Systems.- 3. The Epistemological Priority of the Causal Relation.- 4. The Ontological Priority of the Causal Relation.- V. The Relativistic Phase of the Causal Theory of Time: The Work of Reichenbach.- 1. The Causal Theory.- 2. Criticism of the Principle of Marking.- 3. Criticism Continued: Subjective and Objective Time.- 4. Criticism, Continued and Concluded: Convention and Reality in the Temporal Order.- 5. The Semi-Causal, Semi-Statistical Theory.- 6. The Branch Hypothesis.- 7. Conclusion.- VI. Russell's Causal Explanation of Duration.- 1. The Logical Analysis of Duration.- 2. Russell's Causal Definition.- 3. Criticism and Comment.- 4. Epistemological Remarks.- 5. Conclusion.- VII. Alternative Approaches to Time's Arrow.- Introductory.- 1. K. Godel and S. Chandrasekhar.- 2. G. J. Whitrow.- 3. A. Grunbaum and O. Costa de Beauregard.- 4. R. Schlegel and R. Swinburne.- 5. S. Watanabe.- II: Duration and Causality.- VIII. The Intuitive Foundations of the Knowledge of Time.- 1. Preliminary Remarks.- 2. Intuitive Time and Memory.- 3. Intuitive Time and Perception.- 4. The Continuum of Instants Attached to Intuitive Time.- 5. Other Intuitively Knowable Aspects of Time.- 6. The Epistemological Significance of Intuitive Time.- IX. Physical Time.- 1. General Remarks on the Causal Theory of Physical Time.- 2. Symmetrical Causality.- 3. The Concept of Event.- 4. The Ordinal Concept.- 4.1. Coincidence.- 4.2. The Spatio-Temporal Order.- 4.3. Simultaneity.- 4.4. Succession.- 5. The First Group of Axioms.- 6. The Geometrical Concepts.- 7. The Second Group of Axioms.- 8. The Third Group of Axioms.- 9. The Time Metric.- 10. Reference Systems, Coordinates, Transformation Formulas.- 11. Inertial Systems.- 12. Optical Criteria.- X. Non-Physical Time.- 1. Psychophysical Time: The Perceptual Method.- 2. Psychophysical Time: The Expressive Method.- 3. Psychological and Inter-Psychological Time.- 4. Universal Time.- 5. Conclusion.- Supplement.- 1. The Present Empirical Status of Psychophysical Parallelism.- 2. Conceptual Analysis of Psychophysical Parallelism.- Notes.- Index of Names.