| List of Tables | p. xii |
| List of Figures | p. xv |
| List of Boxes | p. xvii |
| Acknowledgements | p. xviii |
| List of Abbreviations | p. xix |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Regional Convergence or Divergence in the European Union? | p. 5 |
| European Economic Integration and the Growth of Regional Heterogeneity | p. 7 |
| A Short History of European Economic Integration | p. 7 |
| The Regional Organisation of the European Union | p. 9 |
| Regional Economic Disparities within the EU | p. 11 |
| Regional Income Disparities | p. 11 |
| Regional Labour Market Disparities | p. 14 |
| Links between Regional Income, Employment and Productivity | p. 15 |
| Economic Theory and the Convergence versus Divergence Debate | p. 19 |
| Convergence Theory | p. 19 |
| The Neoclassical Approach to Growth and Convergence | p. 19 |
| Adjustment Mechanisms and the Theory of Factor Price Equalisation | p. 22 |
| Divergence Theory | p. 28 |
| Technological Differences between Locations | p. 28 |
| Increasing Returns to Scale and External Effects | p. 30 |
| New Growth Theory and Endogenous Technological Progress | p. 33 |
| Location Theory | p. 35 |
| Locational Competition and Governmental Intervention | p. 37 |
| Conclusions: The Ambiguity of Theoretical Predictions | p. 39 |
| Regional Convergence within the EU: an Empirical Analysis | p. 41 |
| National Economic Performance in the Cohesion Countries | p. 41 |
| Determinants of Regional Convergence | p. 46 |
| Convergence as a Spontaneous Process? | p. 46 |
| The Impact of Regional Policy Variables on Growth | p. 58 |
| The Impact of Regional Policy Variables: a Multivariate Approach | p. 64 |
| Conclusions: Can Regional Policy Foster Convergence? | p. 66 |
| European Regional Policy and the Problem of Policy Co-ordination | p. 69 |
| The Regional Policy of the European Union | p. 71 |
| Rationales for European Regional Policy | p. 71 |
| Why Regional Policy in the First Place? | p. 71 |
| Why European Regional Policy? | p. 73 |
| Why 'Bounded' Regional Policy Transfers? | p. 74 |
| EU Regional Policy--Past and Present | p. 77 |
| The Development of European Regional Policy | p. 77 |
| Principles of European Regional Policy--a Critical Assessment | p. 80 |
| The Spatial Allocation of Structural Funds Support | p. 90 |
| Explaining the Spatial Allocation of Structural Funds Support | p. 93 |
| Regional Policy after 1999 and Eastern Enlargement | p. 95 |
| Conclusions | p. 97 |
| National and European Regional Policy: an Uneasy Relationship | p. 101 |
| The Economic Effects of Regional Incentives | p. 102 |
| Hypotheses about the Spatial Distribution of Regional Incentives | p. 104 |
| An Empirical Analysis for European Regions | p. 107 |
| Productive Sector Support within the Structural Funds | p. 109 |
| National Productive Sector Support--Regional Incentives | p. 111 |
| Total Public Support for the Productive Sector | p. 113 |
| Regional Incentives and Regional Income: an Econometric Analysis | p. 114 |
| Conclusions | p. 117 |
| Human Capital Investments and Cohesion: the Case of RandD Policy | p. 120 |
| RandD and Economic Growth--a Review | p. 121 |
| RandD Endowments in the European Union | p. 123 |
| Input Differences: RandD Personnel in EU Regions | p. 123 |
| Output Differences: Patents and Publications | p. 126 |
| RandD Funding in the European Union | p. 129 |
| National RandD Budget Appropriations | p. 129 |
| European RandD Policy | p. 131 |
| Conclusions: RandD Policies and Cohesion | p. 139 |
| Transport Infrastructure Policies | p. 141 |
| Infrastructure, Productivity and Convergence--a Review | p. 141 |
| Direct Effects of Infrastructure | p. 142 |
| Indirect Non-Spatial Effects of Infrastructure | p. 143 |
| Indirect Spatial Effects of Infrastructure | p. 144 |
| Transport Infrastructure Endowments in European Regions | p. 145 |
| National Transport Infrastructure Investments in the EU | p. 148 |
| Investments on a National Level | p. 148 |
| Investments on a Regional Level | p. 150 |
| European Transport Policy | p. 151 |
| Transport Liberalisation--Effects on Core and Periphery | p. 151 |
| Transport Infrastructure Support within the Structural Funds | p. 154 |
| Trans-European Transport Networks and the Periphery--Absolute Improvements and Relative Decline in Accessibility? | p. 157 |
| Conclusions: Public Transport Policy and Cohesion | p. 160 |
| Conclusions and Policy Recommendations | p. 163 |
| Appendix | p. 171 |
| The Functional Disaggregation of EU Regional Policy Expenditures | p. 171 |
| National Regional Incentives and the Eligibility of Regions for Productive Sector Support | p. 171 |
| Data on RandD Personnel and Expenditures | p. 172 |
| Notes | p. 177 |
| References | p. 183 |
| Index | p. 194 |
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