The Interface between the Written and the Oral

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Paperback | 7 September 1987

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352 Pages

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Whilst the fundamental significance of the spoken language for human interaction is widely acknowledged, that of writing is less well known, and in this wide-ranging series of essays Jack Goody examines in depth the complex and often confused relationship between oral and literate modes of communication. He considers the interface between the written and the oral in three cultures or societies with and without writing, and that within the linguistic life of an individual. Specific analyses of the sequence of historical change within writing systems, the historic impact of writing upon Eurasian cultures, and the interaction between distinct oral and literate cultures in West Africa, precede an extensive concluding examination of contemporary issues in the investigation, whether sociological or psychological, of literacy. A substantial corpus of anthropological, historical and linguistic evidence is produced in support of Goody's findings, which form a natural complement to his own recently published study of The Logic of Writing and the Organization of Society.

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Non-Fiction Reference, Information & Interdisciplinary Subjects Interdisciplinary Studies Communication Studies Language & Linguistics Linguistics Literacy Sociology & Anthropology Anthropology Social & Cultural Anthropology, Ethnography

List of figures and tables	p. viii
Preface	p. ix
Acknowledgments	p. xxi
Writing and the Alphabet	p. 1
The historical development of writing	p. 3
Writing and design	p. 3
Proto-writing	p. 8
Early writing systems	p. 18
Logographic writing	p. 29
The development of phonetic transcription	p. 37
The alphabet	p. 40
The unity and diversity of alphabets	p. 49
The implications of graphic systems	p. 53
The Influence of Early Forms of Writing	p. 57
Literacy and achievement in the Ancient World	p. 59
Africa, Greece and oral poetry	p. 78
Memory and verbatim memory	p. 86
Oral composition and oral transmission	p. 91
Heroic societies and the epic	p. 96
Oral composition and oral transmission: the case of the Vedas	p. 110
Written and Oral Cultures in West Africa	p. 123
The impact of Islamic writing on oral cultures	p. 125
Oral recitations	p. 127
Writing and magico-religious activity	p. 129
Time and space	p. 132
Literacy and the non-literate: the impact of European schooling	p. 139
Postscript	p. 147
Alternative paths to knowledge in oral and literate cultures	p. 148
Traditional knowledge among the LoDagaa	p. 149
The growth of knowledge	p. 155
Three modes of acquiring knowledge	p. 156
Literacy	p. 157
Two paths to knowledge as social control	p. 161
Conclusions	p. 164
Memory and learning in oral and literate cultures: the reproduction of the Bagre	p. 167
Memory and the Bagre	p. 167
Verbatim memory in oral cultures	p. 174
Schools and memory	p. 182
Conclusion	p. 189
Writing and formal operations: a case study among the Vai (with Michale Cole and Sylvia Scribner)	p. 191
The writings of Ansumana Sonie	p. 196
Writing and its Impact on Individuals in Society	p. 209
The interface between the sociological and psychological analysis of literacy	p. 211
Achievement in the Vai script	p. 211
Vygotsky and the psychological analysis of Vai literacy	p. 214
Varieties of script and varieties of tradition	p. 217
Logic and logical reasoning	p. 219
Mediated and unmediated implications	p. 221
Literacy effects in the Vai study	p. 223
The shift from abilities to skills	p. 226
Memory and writing	p. 234
Schools	p. 236
The experimental method	p. 244
Culture and cognition	p. 245
Abilities, capacities and skills	p. 246
Cultural resources and individual attainment	p. 251
Psychological texts and practical action	p. 252
The internal-external problem	p. 253
Language and writing	p. 258
Linguists and the written language	p. 261
Three dimensions of the written and the spoken	p. 262
The written and spoken registers compared	p. 263
Grammar and rules	p. 265
Individual performance in the two registers	p. 266
Divergences between the written and oral registers	p. 270
Cross-word puzzles	p. 272
Other grapho-linguistic techniques of cognitive operation	p. 274
Lists and categories	p. 275
The empty-box	p. 275
Reordering information	p. 276
Arithmetical operations	p. 277
The syllogism	p. 278
Writing and diglossia	p. 279
Class and register	p. 283
Recapitulations	p. 290
Notes	p. 301
Bibliography	p. 306
Index	p. 321
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

The Interface between the Written and the Oral

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