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The Indo-Aryan Languages

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Paperback | 8 November 1993

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560 Pages

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In his ambitious survey of the Indo-Aryan languages, Colin Masica has provided a fundamental introduction which will interest not only general and theoretical linguists but also students of one or more of these languages who want to acquaint themselves with the broader linguistic context. Generally synchronic in approach, concentrating on the phonology, morphology and syntax of the modern representatives of the group, the volume also covers their historical development, areal context, writing systems and aspects of sociolinguistics. The survey is organised not on a language-by-language basis but by topic, so that salient theoretical issues may be discussed in a comparative context.

Industry Reviews

'Masica's new book provides the urgently needed comprehensive and linguistically sophisticated survey of NIA, and will remain the standard work for a long time to come.' Journal of Asian Studies 'No anthropological linguist planning work in South Asia should leave home without it.' American Anthropologist

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Non-Fiction Language & Linguistics Reference, Dictionaries & Guides Linguistics Historical & Comparative Linguistics Language Learning & Teaching Literature, Poetry & Plays History & Criticism of Literature

List of illustrations	p. ix
List of tables	p. xi
Preface	p. xii
Acknowledgements	p. xiv
Note on transcription	p. xv
Introduction	p. 1
The modern Indo-Aryan languages and dialects	p. 8
Indo-Aryan: a bird's eye view	p. 8
"Language" vs. "dialect" in the Indo-Aryan context	p. 23
Hindi and Urdu	p. 27
Nomenclature	p. 30
The historical context and development of Indo-Aryan	p. 32
Genetic connections	p. 32
Migration hypotheses and associated problems	p. 34
The traditional Indian view	p. 37
The new linguistic environment	p. 39
Subsequent spread of Indo-Aryan in the subcontinent and beyond	p. 43
Foreign influences and contacts	p. 47
The historical stages of Indo-Aryan	p. 50
Sociolinguistic aspects of the history of Indo-Aryan	p. 55
Comparative reconstruction	p. 60
The nature of the New Indo-Aryan lexicon	p. 61
General considerations	p. 61
The traditional analysis: tadbhava and tatsama	p. 64
The Sanskrit element in NIA	p. 67
The "foreign" element in NIA: Perso-Arabic	p. 71
The "foreign" element in NIA: Portuguese	p. 73
The "foreign" element in NIA: English	p. 74
The "foreign" element in NIA: pronunciation	p. 75
NIA creativity: expressive forms	p. 76
NIA creativity: onomatopoeia and sound symbolism	p. 78
NIA creativity: echo-formations	p. 80
NIA creativity: modern neologisms	p. 81
Common basic vocabulary	p. 84
NIA descriptive phonology	p. 86
Descriptive problems	p. 86
Secondary subsystems	p. 90
The NIA consonants	p. 93
Stop position	p. 94
Nasals	p. 95
Laterals and flaps	p. 97
Fricatives	p. 98
Semivowels	p. 99
Voicing	p. 100
Aspiration	p. 101
Other correlations, and special sounds	p. 104
Secondary consonants	p. 105
Overview of NIA consonant "systems"	p. 106
NIA vowels and associated features	p. 106
NIA oral vowel systems	p. 107
Further remarks on vowels	p. 113
Diphthongs	p. 115
Nasalization	p. 117
Tone and murmur	p. 118
Stress	p. 121
Distributions	p. 122
General positional privileges	p. 122
Cooccurrence possibilities and constraints	p. 125
Areal and typological comparisons	p. 131
Writing systems	p. 133
Origins of Brahmi	p. 133
Evolution and diversification of Brahmi	p. 137
Legacy of Brahmi	p. 145
Perso-Arabic script for NIA languages	p. 151
The Roman script for NIA languages	p. 153
Historical phonology	p. 154
Introduction	p. 154
Review of OIA phonology	p. 157
MIA or "Prakritic" developments	p. 166
Summary of the effects of the MIA changes	p. 184
MIA local and other qualifications	p. 186
The Common NIA developments	p. 187
Effects of the Common NIA changes	p. 191
Special developments	p. 192
Exceptions to the mainstream developments	p. 195
Regional and language-specific innovations	p. 202
Conclusions	p. 210
Nominal forms and categories	p. 212
Introduction: "forms and categories" vs. "morphology"	p. 212
Gender	p. 217
Number	p. 223
Case	p. 230
Definiteness	p. 248
Adjectives	p. 250
Pronouns	p. 251
Verbal forms and categories	p. 257
Introduction: the basic NIA system	p. 257
Concord	p. 259
Aspect	p. 262
Tense/mood	p. 279
Finite verb paradigms of the principal NIA languages	p. 291
Verb stem I: valence and voice	p. 315
Non-finite forms	p. 321
Verb stem II: Aktionsart and the compound verb	p. 327
Syntax	p. 331
Introduction	p. 331
The simple sentence: preliminaries	p. 332
Word order	p. 332
The nominal sentence	p. 336
The problem of Subject in NIA	p. 339
Ergative and quasi-ergative constructions	p. 341
The Dative Subject construction	p. 346
The Passive Agent	p. 356
Other candidates for subjecthood	p. 358
Summary	p. 362
Object in NIA	p. 364
The Noun Phrase	p. 369
The Adjective Phrase	p. 373
The Verb Phrase	p. 373
Modifications of the simple sentence	p. 387
Question formation	p. 387
Negation	p. 389
Displacement	p. 394
Deletion	p. 396
Coordinate structures and the "conjunctive participle"	p. 397
Complex sentences	p. 401
Preliminaries	p. 401
Nominal clauses	p. 402
Adjectival clauses	p. 408
Adverbial clauses	p. 415
Conditional constructions	p. 418
Causative constructions	p. 419
Inventory of NIA languages and dialetcs	p. 420
Schemes of NIA subclassification	p. 446
Notes	p. 464
Bibliography	p. 480
Index of languages	p. 511
General index	p. 526
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

The Indo-Aryan Languages

At a Glance

Paperback

Industry Reviews

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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