+612 9045 4394
Paperback
Published: 17th February 2002
ISBN: 9780691088228
Number Of Pages: 392
Does biodiversity influence how ecosystems function? Might diversity loss affect the ability of ecosystems to deliver services of benefit to humankind? Ecosystems provide food, fuel, fiber, and drinkable water, regulate local and regional climate, and recycle needed nutrients, among other things. An ecosyste's ability to sustain functioning may depend on the number of species residing in the ecosystem--its biological diversity--but this has been a controversial hypothesis. There are many unanswered questions about how and why changes in biodiversity could alter ecosystem functioning. This volume, written by top researchers, synthesizes empirical studies on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and extends that knowledge using a novel and coordinated set of models and theoretical approaches.
These experimental and theoretical analyses demonstrate that functioning usually increases with biodiversity, but also reveals when and under what circumstances other relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning might occur. It also accounts for apparent changes in diversity-functioning relationships that emerge over time in disturbed ecosystems, thereby addressing a major controversy in the field. The volume concludes with a blueprint for moving beyond small-scale studies to regional ones--a move of enormous significance for policy and conservation but one that will entail tackling some of the most fundamental challenges in ecology.
In addition to the editors, the contributors are Juan Armesto, Claudia Neuhauser, Andy Hector, Clarence Lehman, Peter Kareiva, Sharon Lawler, Peter Chesson, Teri Balser, Mary K. Firestone, Robert Holt, Michel Loreau, Johannes Knops, David Wedin, Peter Reich, Shahid Naeem, Bernhard Schmid, Jasmin Joshi, and Felix Schlapfer.
"This book, written by superb authors, fills a major need in that it unites a discussion of pioneering research on the role of biodiversity in ecosystem function and relates these experiments to a common theoretical framework. The idea of bringing to bear a standardized and commonly accepted ecosystem function model on the biodiversity question is ingenious and of great value."--Peter Kareiva, Lead Scientist, The Nature Conservancy
"An exciting, timely, and unique book by a powerful team of authors. No other text competes with it. It will be the standard reference on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning for the next five, even ten years."--John H. Lawton, Chief Executive, Natural Environment Research Council, United Kingdom
"This exceptionally well-edited book summarizes, successfully, our current knowledge on the ecosystem functioning of biodiversity. It does much more, however: through the clever use of a standard model to explore various aspects of the issue, it greatly extends our understanding. The authors, who are all at the top of their fields, provide a wonderfully creative and useful analysis that goes a long way to explaining the true nature of the controversy that has plagued the field in the past couple of years. The Functional Consequences of Biodiversity provides a well-marked path for future work."--Harold Mooney, Stanford University
| Preface | p. xiii |
| List of Contributors | p. xix |
| List of Figures | p. xxi |
| List of Tables | p. xxv |
| Opening Remarks | p. 1 |
| Empirical Progress | |
| Biodiversity, Composition, and Ecosystem Processes: Theory and Concepts | p. 9 |
| Introduction | p. 9 |
| Definitions of Diversity | p. 11 |
| Diversity, Productivity, and Resource Dynamics | p. 15 |
| Diversity and Stability | p. 29 |
| Summary | p. 39 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 41 |
| Experimental and Observational Studies of Diversity, Productivity, and Stability | p. 42 |
| Diversity and Stability | p. 43 |
| Diversity, Productivity, and Nutrient Dynamics | p. 49 |
| New Results from the Cedar Creek Biodiversity Experiment | p. 53 |
| Summary and Synthesis | p. 67 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 70 |
| Biodiversity and the Functioning of Grassland Ecosystems: Multi-Site Comparisons | p. 71 |
| Introduction | p. 71 |
| The Biodepth Project | p. 72 |
| Summary of the Biodepth Results | p. 89 |
| Comparisons with Related Studies | p. 89 |
| Summary | p. 94 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 95 |
| Autotrophic-Heterotrophic Interactions and Their Impacts on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning | p. 96 |
| Introduction | p. 96 |
| Fundamentals | p. 98 |
| Fundamental Trophic Structure | p. 101 |
| Heterotrophic Diversity and Ecosystem Functioning | p. 101 |
| Implications for Autotroph-Only Models | p. 112 |
| Discussion | p. 114 |
| Empirical Evidence for Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning Relationships | p. 120 |
| Introduction | p. 120 |
| Plant Diversity Effects on Ecosystem Functioning | p. 123 |
| Biodiversity Effects among Trophic Levels | p. 140 |
| Designing Empirical Studies to Measure Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning Relationships | p. 141 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 150 |
| The Transition from Sampling to Complementarity | p. 151 |
| Conclusions | p. 165 |
| Theoretical Extensions | |
| Introduction to Theory and the Common Ecosystem Model | p. 169 |
| The Common Ecosystem Model | p. 171 |
| Summary of the Basic Model | p. 174 |
| Successional Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning | p. 175 |
| Introduction | p. 175 |
| The Successional Niche in a Simple Mechanistic Ecosystem Model | p. 179 |
| Competition-Colonization in a Simple Mechanistic Ecosystem Model | p. 193 |
| Conclusions | p. 212 |
| Environmental Niches and Ecosystem Functioning | p. 213 |
| Introduction | p. 213 |
| Environmental Niches | p. 215 |
| Ecosystem Functioning | p. 223 |
| Discussion | p. 237 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 244 |
| Appendix | p. 245 |
| Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning: The Role of Trophic Interactions and the Importance of System Openness | p. 246 |
| Introduction | p. 246 |
| The Sampling Effect Model and Community Assembly | p. 247 |
| Importance of Trophic Complexity and System Openness | p. 248 |
| Toward an Ecosystem Model with Trophic Interactions | p. 250 |
| Discussion | p. 256 |
| Conclusions | p. 259 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 262 |
| Applications and Future Directions | |
| Linking Soil Microbial Communities and Ecosystem Functioning | p. 265 |
| Introduction | p. 265 |
| Challenges in Linking Microbial Communities and Ecosystem Functioning | p. 266 |
| Linking Microbial Community Composition and Ecosystem Functioning: A Review of Concepts and Models | p. 271 |
| Timeline of Microbial Response: Conceptual Model of Microbial Role in Ecosystem Functioning | p. 278 |
| Conclusions and Future Research Needs | p. 285 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 287 |
| Appendix | p. 287 |
| How Relevant to Conservation Are Studies Linking Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning? | p. 294 |
| Introduction | p. 294 |
| Conservation Philosophies and Ecological Science | p. 295 |
| Studies of Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning Relationships: Origins and Recent Critiques | p. 298 |
| Four Unresolved Issues | p. 301 |
| Relating Biodiversity Theory and Experiments to Losses in Biodiversity Caused by Humans | p. 308 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 313 |
| Looking Back and Peering Forward | p. 314 |
| References | p. 331 |
| Index | p. 359 |
| Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780691088228
ISBN-10: 0691088225
Series: Monographs in Population Biology
Audience:
Tertiary; University or College
Format:
Paperback
Language:
English
Number Of Pages: 392
Published: 17th February 2002
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Country of Publication: US
Dimensions (cm): 21.6 x 14.0
x 2.44
Weight (kg): 0.48
