The Economics of Deforestation : The Example of Ecuador

Female Sexuality in and lt; I and gt;antigone and lt;/I and gt; and lt;i and gt;middlemarch and lt;/I and gt; and lt;i a

By: Sven Wunder

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Hardcover | 1 September 2000 | Edition Number 1

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280 Pages

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21.6 x 14.0 x 1.91

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Despite considerable international attention in the field of forest conservation, tropical forests are still disappearing at an unprecedented pace. This book gives an economic perspective to the analysis of deforestation. Following a survey of different deforestation definitions, theories and empirical evidence, a case-study of Ecuador provides a versatile historical picture of factors influencing forest loss throughout different periods, regions and ecosystems. Policy and market failures alone cannot explain rapid deforestation. A root cause is that, with current technologies, market prices and disparate stakeholder interests, natural forest uses in Ecuador tend to yield less income than alternative (mainly agro-pastoral) land uses. The deforestation cycle follows a composite economic rationale, based on wood extraction, agriculture and cattle ranching. Though a slower pace of deforestation seems rational for the Ecuadorean state, on the basis of precautionary considerations, substantial success in curbing forest loss can only be achieved when payments for global forest benefits are implemented, as an integral element of effective conservation incentives on the ground.

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Nature & The Natural World Trees, Mushrooms, Wildflowers & Plants Miscellaneous Items Economics Environmental Economics Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning The Environment Environmental Management Pollution & Threats to the Environment Deforestation Conservation of The Environment

Engineering & Technology Environmental Science Science Biology, Life Sciences Life Sciences in General Ecological Science

List of Tables	p. viii
List of Figures	p. ix
List of Abbreviations	p. x
Foreword	p. xiii
Introduction	p. 1
Deforestation: Facts and Theories
Some Basic Concepts	p. 9
Definitions and measurement	p. 9
Deforestation data	p. 11
Historical aspects	p. 19
Summing up	p. 22
The Wealth of Theories	p. 26
The logging debate	p. 26
The 'fuelwood trap' revisited	p. 30
Impoverishment and agricultural frontier expansion	p. 34
More people, less forest?	p. 37
Land tenure and access rules	p. 40
Policy factors	p. 43
Towards different schools of deforestation	p. 46
Latin American Patterns of Deforestation	p. 56
Resource endowment and the environmental agenda	p. 56
Spanish versus indigenous land use	p. 61
Deforestation in the neotropics	p. 67
Key features: Central American deforestation	p. 71
Key features: Brazilian deforestation	p. 74
Latin American deforestation: its distinctive attributes	p. 82
Ecuadorean Deforestation
A Closer Look	p. 91
Ecuador: a microcosm of diversity	p. 91
How much forest, how much loss?	p. 94
New forest-cover estimates	p. 99
Historical colonization and agricultural export cycles	p. 106
Ecuadorean deforestation: a summary	p. 110
Oil, Macroeconomics and Forests	p. 117
Export boom, foreign borrowing and structural change	p. 117
The oil bonanza and sectoral redistribution	p. 120
Oil production and Amazon forests	p. 122
The competitiveness of primary commodity sectors	p. 125
Urbanization and the shifting demand for food	p. 127
Road construction and transport subsidies	p. 128
The cost of production factors	p. 130
Institutional funding	p. 131
Bonanza and deforestation: a complexity of outcomes	p. 133
Highland Land-Use Patterns
Deforestation: the Poor Man's Lot?	p. 141
The context of the highlands study	p. 141
The study areas	p. 143
Land-use change and deforestation	p. 146
Demographic change	p. 150
Scarcity or abundance of labour?	p. 153
Income generation and poverty	p. 154
Ethnicity and land use	p. 157
Push or pull forest-clearing?	p. 159
Felling the Forest for the Trees?	p. 164
National wood supply	p. 164
Wood production and land-use impacts	p. 167
Caught in the fuelwood trap?	p. 168
The markets for wood	p. 171
Are primary producers squeezed by middlemen?	p. 173
Wood quantities and incomes	p. 178
Wood-led deforestation?	p. 181
Institutions and Policies	p. 185
Land-tenure policies	p. 185
Tenure and land use in the areas studied	p. 187
The dynamics of tenure and access rules	p. 190
Credit access	p. 192
Forest administration	p. 194
Infrastructural investments	p. 196
Conclusions	p. 199
Conclusion and Reflections	p. 205
Changing forest cover in Ecuador	p. 205
The net present value approach	p. 206
Combining deforestation motives	p. 209
The impact of wood products	p. 212
Poverty and population growth	p. 213
The applicability of deforestation models	p. 215
Deforestation and development	p. 219
National policy implications	p. 222
Increasing conservation incentives	p. 224
Reducing demand for converted lands	p. 228
Bibliography	p. 233
Name Index	p. 250
Subject Index	p. 252
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

The Economics of Deforestation : The Example of Ecuador

Female Sexuality in and lt; I and gt;antigone and lt;/I and gt; and lt;i and gt;middlemarch and lt;/I and gt; and lt;i a

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Hardcover

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Defective items

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