The Design of Communicating Systems : A System Engineering Approach

I Expressing Designs.- 1 The Basic Design Cycle.- 1.1 The two directions of the design process.- 1.2 Writing specifications and implementations.- 1.3 Verifications which shape design processes.- 1.4 Mechanisms for synthesis and verification..- 1.5 Trends in specification techniques.- 2 Calculus of Communicating Systems.- 2.1 Introduction to CCS.- 2.2 Actions.- 2.3 Representation of behaviours of agents.- 2.4 Semantics of CCS operators.- 2.5 Parallel composition of agents.- 2.6 Expansion law.- 2.7 Synchronization and value-passing.- 3 Verification.- 3.1 The principle of verification in CCS.- 3.2 Bisimulation and observation equivalence.- 3.3 An algorithm for finding a weak bisimulation.- 3.4 Verification induction.- 3.5 CCS laws.- 3.6 Verifying large expressions.- 3.7 An X-ray Diagnostic System (XDS).- 3.8 Verification of the XDS implementation.- 3.9 OSI-layers.- 4 Fairness, queues and time.- 4.1 Fairness.- 4.2 FIFO communication.- 4.3 Deriving time-out conditions.- 4.3.1 A transmission protocol.- 4.3.2 Calculating behaviour sequences.- 4.3.3 The impact of timing conditions.- 4.4 Translating programs into CCS.- 4.4.1 The LAN protocol.- 4.4.2 Some notational devices.- 4.4.3 Translation of the protocol into CCS.- 4.4.4 Expansion of the sender and receiver expressions.- 5 Synthesis.- 5.1 Synthesis strategies.- 5.2 Synthesis by mirroring.- 5.2.1 The principle of mirroring.- 5.2.2 Mirror observation equivalence.- 5.3 Synthesis by interface derivation.- 5.3.1 Causal relations.- 5.3.2 Synthesis rules.- 5.3.3 The Combination Algorithm.- 5.3.4 Linking a server to a communication network.- 5.4 Completing the specification.- 6 CCS and SDL.- 6.1 A short overview of SDL.- 6.2 Linking CCS and SDL.- 6.3 A pipeline.- 6.4 A handshake system.- 6.5 A network protocol.- 6.6 SS7 call processing control.- 7 CCS and Petri Nets.- 7.1 From CCS to Petri Nets.- 7.2 From Petri Nets to CCS.- 7.3 Communication via a shared buffer.- 7.4 Communication between a printer and a printer monitor.- 7.5 An assignment statement.- 7.6 A multiplier.- Ii A Design Method for Communicating SYSTEMS.- 8 Design Process Descriptions.- 8.1 A programming example.- 8.2 The basic design cycle.- 8.3 A design process model.- 8.4 Refinement of the design process model.- 8.5 Meta programs.- 8.6 Design method for communicating systems.- 9 The Communication Model.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Applying the combination algorithm.- 9.3 Introducing blocking behaviour.- 9.4 Verification of the result.- 9.5 The meta program.- 9.6 Communication model of switching nodes.- 10 The Application Model.- 10.1 The formalization step.- 10.2 Network concepts.- 10.3 Service area.- 10.4 The derivation of routing predicates.- 10.5 The connection model ml.- 10.6 A specification of upw, dwn, hor.- 10.7 The connection model m2.- 10.8 Error predicates - their effect on ml.- 10.9 Error predicates - their effect on m2.- 11 The Process Model.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 The entrance process.- 11.3 Identification processes.- 11.4 Selection processes.- 11.5 The response process.- 11.6 Verification of the result.- 11.7 Data model.- Iii Design, Creativity and Learning.- 12 Design Iterations.- 12.1 Iterations and the basic design cycle.- 12.2 Godel's theorem.- 12.3 Design and computability.- 12.4 Design and chaos.- 12.5 Design and entropy.- 13 The Role of CAD and Learning in Design.- 13.1 Computations in CAD.- 13.2 CAD and entropy.- 13.3 Learning and knowledge representation.- 14 Design Metrics.- 14.1 Design and information.213.- 14.2 The information content of a hardware design.- 14.3 Halstead's metrics.- 14.4 The information content of a software program.- 14.5 Relating the Information Model with Halstead's metrics.- 14.6 Development time estimation.