The Demography of Corporations and Industries

Name: The Demography of Corporations and Industries
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ISBN: 9780691120157

By: Glenn R. Carroll, Michael T. Hannan

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Paperback Published: 26th July 2004
ISBN: 9780691120157
Number Of Pages: 490

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Table of Contents
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Most analysts of corporations and industries adopt the focal perspective of a single prototypical organization. Many analysts also study corporations primarily in terms of their internal organizational structures or as complex systems of financial contracts. Glenn Carroll and Michael Hannan bring fresh insight to our understanding of corporations and the industries they comprise by looking beyond prototypical structures to focus on the range and diversity of organizations in their social and economic setting. The result is a rich rendering of analysis that portrays whole populations and communities of corporations.

"The Demography of Corporations and Industries" is the first book to present the demographic approach to organizational studies in its entirety. It examines the theory, models, methods, and data used in corporate demographic research. Carroll and Hannan explore the processes by which corporate populations change over time, including organizational founding, growth, decline, structural transformation, and mortality. They review and synthesize the major theoretical mechanisms of corporate demography, ranging from aging and size dependence to population segregation and density dependence. The book also explores some selected implications of corporate demography for public policy, including employment and regulation.

In this path-breaking book, Carroll and Hannan demonstrate why demographic research on corporations is important; describe how to conduct demographic research; specify fruitful areas of future research; and suggest how the demographic perspective can enrich the public discussion of issues surrounding the corporation in our constantly evolving industrial society. All researchers and analysts with an interest in this topic will find The Demography of Corporations and Industries an invaluable resource.

Industry Reviews

"Destined to become the standard reference ... Caroll and Hannan admirably chronicle the first steps toward legitimizing organizational demography as a distinct specialist form."--David Knoke, American Journal of Sociology "This is one of the most scientific textbooks in the field... [It] serves as an (almost) ideal example for students and scholars alike, and it is highly relevant for nearly everybody interested in organizations, policy, management, strategy, and contingency. Students of modernity will also find much of interest."--Jeroen Bruggeman, Contemporary Sociology "The Demography of Corporations and Industries [is] ... the reference book on the subject."--Hallie J. Kintner, Population Studies "A compelling contribution that is destined to be a mandatory addition to the bookshelves of the beginner and the advanced scholar and a testament to the vigor and reach of the ecological program of research."--Hayagreeva Rao, Administrative Science Quarterly

List of Figures	p. xi
List of Tables	p. xv
Preface	p. xix
Acknowledgments	p. xxvii
The Case for Corporate Demography	p. 1
About Organizations	p. 3
Aging and Learning	p. 3
Inertia and Change	p. 5
Competitive Intensity	p. 7
Global Competition	p. 9
Historical Efficiency	p. 11
Employment and Entrepreneurship	p. 12
A Look Ahead	p. 14
The Demographic Perspective	p. 17
Demography of Business Organizations	p. 18
Organizing Principles of Demography	p. 25
Formal Demography and Population Studies	p. 26
Demographic Explanation	p. 28
The Demography of the Work Force	p. 31
Internal Organizational Demography	p. 32
Toward a Corporate Demography	p. 35
Earlier Efforts	p. 36
Retaining the Classical Structure	p. 39
Making Demography Organizational	p. 40
A Research Strategy	p. 56
Forms and Populations	p. 59
Population versus Form	p. 60
Identity and Form	p. 67
Codes	p. 68
Organizational Forms	p. 73
Organizational Populations	p. 74
Systems of Forms	p. 76
Implications for Corporate Demography	p. 78
Methods of Corporate Demography	p. 83
Observation Plans	p. 85
Designs in Organizational Research	p. 86
Trade-offs in Observation Plans	p. 89
Impact of Observation Plans	p. 95
Analyzing Vital Rates	p. 101
Event-History Designs	p. 101
Stochastic-Process Models	p. 110
Life-Table Estimation	p. 117
Constant-Rate Models	p. 127
Modeling Corporate Vital Rates	p. 135
Duration Dependence	p. 135
Dependence on Covariates	p. 139
Note on Left Truncation	p. 149
Comparing Designs by Simulation	p. 150
Simulation Findings	p. 155
Demographic Data Sources	p. 163
Criteria for Evaluating Sources	p. 164
Commonly Used Sources	p. 167
Using Multiple Sources	p. 185
Data Realities	p. 188
Population Processes	p. 191
Organizational Environments	p. 193
Telephone Companies	p. 194
Modeling Environments	p. 197
Environmental Imprinting	p. 205
Imprinting in High-Tech Firms	p. 207
Density-Dependent Processes I	p. 213
Models of Population Growth	p. 214
Corporate Density Dependence	p. 216
Theory of Density Dependence	p. 222
Interpreting Density Dependence	p. 228
Weighted Density	p. 232
Programmatic Issues	p. 236
Density-Dependent Processes II	p. 239
Density Delay	p. 240
Population-Age Interactions	p. 243
Size Interactions	p. 251
Multilevel Processes	p. 253
Segregating Processes	p. 261
Resource Partitioning	p. 262
Research on Partitioning	p. 269
Size-Localized Competition	p. 274
Organizational Processes	p. 279
Age-Dependent Processes	p. 281
Models of Age Dependence	p. 282
Age-Related Liabilities	p. 288
Age and Growth Rates	p. 290
Theories of Age Dependence	p. 291
Core Assumptions	p. 296
Liabilities of Newness and Adolescence	p. 301
Liability of Senescence	p. 303
Alignment, Drift, and Obsolescence	p. 306
Liability of Obsolescence	p. 309
Size Dependence	p. 313
Size and Growth Rates	p. 315
Age, Size, and Mortality	p. 319
Automobile Manufacturers	p. 322
Extending the Formalization	p. 331
Initial Mobilizing	p. 339
Organizing Activities	p. 340
Theoretical Arguments	p. 343
Automobile Preproducers	p. 346
Organizational Transformation	p. 357
Theory and Research	p. 358
Structural Inertia	p. 362
Transformation and Mortality	p. 368
Innovation in Automobile Manufacturing	p. 374
A Property-Based Formalization of Inertia Theory	p. 377
Selected Implications	p. 381
Organization Theory	p. 383
Equilibrium Orientation	p. 383
Alignment and Fitness	p. 385
Adaptation and Selection	p. 389
Speed and Efficiency of Change	p. 393
Historical Efficiency and Competition	p. 397
Regulation	p. 401
Early Telephony	p. 403
Interconnection Laws	p. 404
The Kingsbury Commitment	p. 406
Regulation and Deregulation in Banking	p. 411
System Dynamics after Deregulation	p. 414
Deregulation and Organizational Growth	p. 418
Employment	p. 423
Effects on Careers	p. 424
Corporate Demography and Job Shifts	p. 425
Job Creation and Dissolution	p. 426
Corporate Demography and Individual Mobility	p. 429
Employment Benefits and Social Welfare	p. 432
Effects of Careers on Corporate Demography	p. 437
Organizational Diversity	p. 439
Beer and Wine Industries	p. 440
Diversity, Careers, and Inequality	p. 444
Toward a Community Ecology of Corporations	p. 451
References	p. 453
Index	p. 481
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

ISBN: 9780691120157
ISBN-10: 0691120153
Audience: Tertiary; University or College
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number Of Pages: 490
Published: 26th July 2004
Country of Publication: US
Dimensions (cm): 22.61 x 14.99 x 3.3
Weight (kg): 0.77