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Most analysts of corporations and industries adopt the focal perspective of a single prototypical organization. Many analysts also study corporations primarily in terms of their internal organizational structures or as complex systems of financial contracts. Glenn Carroll and Michael Hannan bring fresh insight to our understanding of corporations and the industries they comprise by looking beyond prototypical structures to focus on the range and diversity of organizations in their social and economic setting. The result is a rich rendering of analysis that portrays whole populations and communities of corporations.
"The Demography of Corporations and Industries" is the first book to present the demographic approach to organizational studies in its entirety. It examines the theory, models, methods, and data used in corporate demographic research. Carroll and Hannan explore the processes by which corporate populations change over time, including organizational founding, growth, decline, structural transformation, and mortality. They review and synthesize the major theoretical mechanisms of corporate demography, ranging from aging and size dependence to population segregation and density dependence. The book also explores some selected implications of corporate demography for public policy, including employment and regulation.
In this path-breaking book, Carroll and Hannan demonstrate why demographic research on corporations is important; describe how to conduct demographic research; specify fruitful areas of future research; and suggest how the demographic perspective can enrich the public discussion of issues surrounding the corporation in our constantly evolving industrial society. All researchers and analysts with an interest in this topic will find The Demography of Corporations and Industries an invaluable resource.
"Destined to become the standard reference ... Caroll and Hannan admirably chronicle the first steps toward legitimizing organizational demography as a distinct specialist form."--David Knoke, American Journal of Sociology "This is one of the most scientific textbooks in the field... [It] serves as an (almost) ideal example for students and scholars alike, and it is highly relevant for nearly everybody interested in organizations, policy, management, strategy, and contingency. Students of modernity will also find much of interest."--Jeroen Bruggeman, Contemporary Sociology "The Demography of Corporations and Industries [is] ... the reference book on the subject."--Hallie J. Kintner, Population Studies "A compelling contribution that is destined to be a mandatory addition to the bookshelves of the beginner and the advanced scholar and a testament to the vigor and reach of the ecological program of research."--Hayagreeva Rao, Administrative Science Quarterly
| List of Figures | p. xi |
| List of Tables | p. xv |
| Preface | p. xix |
| Acknowledgments | p. xxvii |
| The Case for Corporate Demography | p. 1 |
| About Organizations | p. 3 |
| Aging and Learning | p. 3 |
| Inertia and Change | p. 5 |
| Competitive Intensity | p. 7 |
| Global Competition | p. 9 |
| Historical Efficiency | p. 11 |
| Employment and Entrepreneurship | p. 12 |
| A Look Ahead | p. 14 |
| The Demographic Perspective | p. 17 |
| Demography of Business Organizations | p. 18 |
| Organizing Principles of Demography | p. 25 |
| Formal Demography and Population Studies | p. 26 |
| Demographic Explanation | p. 28 |
| The Demography of the Work Force | p. 31 |
| Internal Organizational Demography | p. 32 |
| Toward a Corporate Demography | p. 35 |
| Earlier Efforts | p. 36 |
| Retaining the Classical Structure | p. 39 |
| Making Demography Organizational | p. 40 |
| A Research Strategy | p. 56 |
| Forms and Populations | p. 59 |
| Population versus Form | p. 60 |
| Identity and Form | p. 67 |
| Codes | p. 68 |
| Organizational Forms | p. 73 |
| Organizational Populations | p. 74 |
| Systems of Forms | p. 76 |
| Implications for Corporate Demography | p. 78 |
| Methods of Corporate Demography | p. 83 |
| Observation Plans | p. 85 |
| Designs in Organizational Research | p. 86 |
| Trade-offs in Observation Plans | p. 89 |
| Impact of Observation Plans | p. 95 |
| Analyzing Vital Rates | p. 101 |
| Event-History Designs | p. 101 |
| Stochastic-Process Models | p. 110 |
| Life-Table Estimation | p. 117 |
| Constant-Rate Models | p. 127 |
| Modeling Corporate Vital Rates | p. 135 |
| Duration Dependence | p. 135 |
| Dependence on Covariates | p. 139 |
| Note on Left Truncation | p. 149 |
| Comparing Designs by Simulation | p. 150 |
| Simulation Findings | p. 155 |
| Demographic Data Sources | p. 163 |
| Criteria for Evaluating Sources | p. 164 |
| Commonly Used Sources | p. 167 |
| Using Multiple Sources | p. 185 |
| Data Realities | p. 188 |
| Population Processes | p. 191 |
| Organizational Environments | p. 193 |
| Telephone Companies | p. 194 |
| Modeling Environments | p. 197 |
| Environmental Imprinting | p. 205 |
| Imprinting in High-Tech Firms | p. 207 |
| Density-Dependent Processes I | p. 213 |
| Models of Population Growth | p. 214 |
| Corporate Density Dependence | p. 216 |
| Theory of Density Dependence | p. 222 |
| Interpreting Density Dependence | p. 228 |
| Weighted Density | p. 232 |
| Programmatic Issues | p. 236 |
| Density-Dependent Processes II | p. 239 |
| Density Delay | p. 240 |
| Population-Age Interactions | p. 243 |
| Size Interactions | p. 251 |
| Multilevel Processes | p. 253 |
| Segregating Processes | p. 261 |
| Resource Partitioning | p. 262 |
| Research on Partitioning | p. 269 |
| Size-Localized Competition | p. 274 |
| Organizational Processes | p. 279 |
| Age-Dependent Processes | p. 281 |
| Models of Age Dependence | p. 282 |
| Age-Related Liabilities | p. 288 |
| Age and Growth Rates | p. 290 |
| Theories of Age Dependence | p. 291 |
| Core Assumptions | p. 296 |
| Liabilities of Newness and Adolescence | p. 301 |
| Liability of Senescence | p. 303 |
| Alignment, Drift, and Obsolescence | p. 306 |
| Liability of Obsolescence | p. 309 |
| Size Dependence | p. 313 |
| Size and Growth Rates | p. 315 |
| Age, Size, and Mortality | p. 319 |
| Automobile Manufacturers | p. 322 |
| Extending the Formalization | p. 331 |
| Initial Mobilizing | p. 339 |
| Organizing Activities | p. 340 |
| Theoretical Arguments | p. 343 |
| Automobile Preproducers | p. 346 |
| Organizational Transformation | p. 357 |
| Theory and Research | p. 358 |
| Structural Inertia | p. 362 |
| Transformation and Mortality | p. 368 |
| Innovation in Automobile Manufacturing | p. 374 |
| A Property-Based Formalization of Inertia Theory | p. 377 |
| Selected Implications | p. 381 |
| Organization Theory | p. 383 |
| Equilibrium Orientation | p. 383 |
| Alignment and Fitness | p. 385 |
| Adaptation and Selection | p. 389 |
| Speed and Efficiency of Change | p. 393 |
| Historical Efficiency and Competition | p. 397 |
| Regulation | p. 401 |
| Early Telephony | p. 403 |
| Interconnection Laws | p. 404 |
| The Kingsbury Commitment | p. 406 |
| Regulation and Deregulation in Banking | p. 411 |
| System Dynamics after Deregulation | p. 414 |
| Deregulation and Organizational Growth | p. 418 |
| Employment | p. 423 |
| Effects on Careers | p. 424 |
| Corporate Demography and Job Shifts | p. 425 |
| Job Creation and Dissolution | p. 426 |
| Corporate Demography and Individual Mobility | p. 429 |
| Employment Benefits and Social Welfare | p. 432 |
| Effects of Careers on Corporate Demography | p. 437 |
| Organizational Diversity | p. 439 |
| Beer and Wine Industries | p. 440 |
| Diversity, Careers, and Inequality | p. 444 |
| Toward a Community Ecology of Corporations | p. 451 |
| References | p. 453 |
| Index | p. 481 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780691120157
ISBN-10: 0691120153
Audience:
Tertiary; University or College
Format:
Paperback
Language:
English
Number Of Pages: 490
Published: 6th July 2004
Country of Publication: US
Dimensions (cm): 22.61 x 14.99
x 3.3
Weight (kg): 0.77
