Introduction... 1 Jim MaKinster, Hobart and William Smith Colleges Nancy Trautmann, Cornell Lab of Ornithology Mike Barnett, Boston College Section 1: Designing Effective Professional Development Projects 2. Participatory Professional Development: Geospatially Enhanced Urban Ecological Field Studies... 13 Mike Barnett, Boston College Meredith Houle, University of California at San Diego Sheron Mark, Boston College Daphne Minner, Center for Science Education at EDC Linda Hirsch, Center for Science Education at EDC Eric Strauss, Boston College Lindsey Cotter-Hayes, Urban Ecology Institute Beth Hufnagel, Brookline Public Schools 3. Field-based Research Partnerships: Teachers, Students, and Scientists Investigate the Geologic History of Eastern Montana Using Geospatial Technologies 44 Heather Almquist, University of Montana Lisa Blank, University of Montana Jeff Crews, University of Montana George Stanley, University of Montana Marc Hendrix, University of Montana 4. The GIT Ahead Project: Meeting Teachers Where They Are and Helping Them Achieve Their Geospatial Goals... 67 Nancy Trautmann, Cornell Lab of Ornithology Jim MaKinster, Hobart and William Smith Colleges 5. Spatial Sci: Forwarding Geospatial Technology Innovations In the Classroom 88 Lisa Blank, University of Montana Jeff Crews, University of Montana Randy Knuth, University of Montana 6. Eyes in the Sky: Facilitating Classroom Research Using Geospatial Technology 110 Carla McAuliffe, TERC Jeff Lockwood, TERC 7. Coastlines: Commitment, Comfort, Competence, Empowerment, and Relevance in Professional Development... 133 Steven D. Moore, Science Approach Don Haviland, California State University Long Beach Allison Whitmer, Georgetown University Jenny Brady, Science Approach 8. The Inquiring with GIS (iGIS) Project: Helping Teachers Create and Lead Local GIS-Based Investigations... 161 Cathlyn D. Stylinski, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Cassie Doty, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science 9. Communities for Rural Education, Stewardship and Technology Program (CREST): A Rural Model of Teacher Professional Development... 191 Shey Conover, Island Institute, Maine Ruth Kermish-Allen, Island Institute, Maine Robert Snyder, Island Institute, Maine 10. Curriculum Aligned Professional Development for Geospatial Education 212 Beth Kubitskey, Eastern Michigan University Heather Johnson, Northwestern University Kirsten Mawyer, Northwestern University Barry Fishman, University of Michigan Daniel Edelson, National Geographic 11. Impact of Science Teacher Professional Development through Geospatial Technologies: A 5-Step Program of Support... 240 Rita Hagevik, University of North Carolina at Pembroke Harriett Stubbs, North Carolina State University Christiane Gioppo, Federal University of Parana, Brazil Diane Whitaker, North Caroline State University Section 2: Designing and Implementing Innovative and Effective Curricular Materials 12. The Data Sets and Inquiry in Geoscience Education Project: A Model Curricula for Teacher Capacity Building in Scientific Inquiry Tasks With Geospatial Data 266 Daniel Zalles, SRI International Amy Pallant, Concord Consortium 13. Designing Google Earth Activities for Learning Earth and Environmental Science 296 Alec Bodzin, Lehigh University David Anastasio, Lehigh University Violet Kulo, Lehigh University 14. Designing Geospatial Exploration Activities to Build Environmental Awareness in Middle School Students... 322 Louise Yarnall, SRI International Phil Vahey, SRI International Karen Swan, SRI International 15. The Lonely Trailblazers: Examining the Early Implementation of Geospatial Technologies in Science Classrooms... 346 Tom Baker, Environmental Systems Research Institute Joseph Kerski, Environmental Systems Research Institute 16. Understanding the Use of Geospatial Technologies to Teach Science: TPACK as a Lens for Effective Teaching... 371 Jim MaKinster, Hobart and William Smith Colleges Nancy Trautmann, Cornell Lab of Ornithology 17. Moving Out of Flatland: Toward Effective Practice in Geospatial Inquiry 396 Bob Coulter, Litzinger Road Ecology Center, Missouri Botanical Garden 18 What Happens After Professional Development: Case Studies on Implementing GIS in the Classroom... 419 Bob Kolvoord, James Madison University Mike Charles, Pacific University Steve Purcell, James Madison University Section 3: Final Chapters 19. The Nature and Design of Professional Development for Using Geospatial Technologies to Teach Science... 446 Jim MaKinster, Hobart and William Smith Colleges Nancy Trautmann, Cornell Lab of Ornithology 20. The Nature of Teacher Knowledge Necessary for the Effective Use of Geospatial Technologies to Teach Science... 462 Jim MaKinster, Hobart and William Smith Colleges Nancy Trautmann, Cornell Lab of Ornithology