Soil Mechanics, Footings and Foundations

INTRODUCTION -- PART ONE: SPECIAL COURSE OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY -- 1 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL -- 1.1 Soil origin and components, and properties of soil constituents -- 1.2 Characteristics of physical condition of soil -- 2 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL -- 2.1 Basic laws of soil mechanics -- 2.2 Soil compressibility -- 2.3 Soil permeability -- 2.4 Shear resistance of soil; Coulomb's law -- 2.5 Computation of soil properties -- 2.6 Some technological properties of soils -- 3 PRIMARY PHYSICOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SPECIAL SOILS -- 3.1 General -- 3.2 Loessial soils -- 3.3 Frozen and permafrost soils, their occurrence, properties and internal processes -- 3.4 Basic properties of some structurally unstable soils -- 4 GEODYNAMICAL PROCESSES AND THEIR EFFECTON STRUCTURES -- 4.1 Transformation of coasts, lakes and rivers, and prevention measures -- 4.2 Erosion and mud flow processes -- 4.3 Slope processes -- 4.4 Groundwater activity -- 4.5 Seismic phenomena -- 5 ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL PROSPECTING -- 5.1 Objectives and stages of engineering-geological prospecting at construction sites -- 5.2 In-house data processing -- 5.3 Layout and contents of engineering-geological logbooks -- 5.4 Features of engineering-geological prospecting in reconstruction of structures and objects -- PART TWO: SOIL MECHANICS -- 6 DETERMINATION OF STRESSES IN SOIL BODY -- 6.1 A pplicability to soil of the theory of elasticity -- 6.2 Computation of stresses in soil body due to external loading -- 6.3 Effect of some factors on stress distribution -- 7 FOUNDATION SETTLEMENT COMPUTATIONS -- 7 .1 Primary background -- 7.2 Methods of layerwise computation of foundation settlement -- 7.3 Computation of foundation settlement by the method of equivalent soil layer -- 7.4 Design of foundation settlement by the method of finite compressible layer -- 7.5 Temporal variation of settlement -- 7.6 General concepts of rheology and nonlinear soil mechanics -- 8 THEORY OF LIMIT STRESS STATE OF SOIL AND ITS APPLICATIONS -- 8.1 General remarks -- 8.2 Soil stability in foundations of structures -- 8.3 Slope stability -- 8.4 Earth pressure on retaining walls -- PART THREE: FOUNDATIONS AND FOOTINGS -- 9 SOME DESIGN PROBLEMS OF FOUNDATIONS AND FOOTINGS -- 9 .1 General -- 9.2 Causes of non-uniform settlement of structures -- 9.3 Joint work of foundation soil, footing and structure -- 9.4 Interactions of footing design factors -- 9.5 Selection of type and depth of foot embedment -- 9.6 Design of foundations in the second group of limit states (by deformations) -- 9. 7 Foundation design in the first group of limit states (by bearing capacity) -- 10 FOOTINGS IN OPEN PITS -- 10.1 Design of footings -- 10.2 Dimensioning of the foot of rigid footing -- 10.3 Primary design concepts for flexible footings -- 11 PILED FOUNDATIONS -- 11.1 Types of piles and piled foundations -- 11.2 Determination of the bearing capacity of piles, large diameter piles and pile pillars -- 11.3 Design of piled foundations -- 12 ARTIFICIALLY IMPROVED FOUNDATIONS -- 12.1 General -- 12.2 Structural methods improving the performance of foundation soil -- 12.3 Soil densification -- 12.4 Other soil improvement techniques -- 13 SUPPORTING WALLS AND DEWATERING EXCAVATIONS; DEEP FOUNDATIONS -- 13.1 General -- 13.2 Supporting excavation walls -- 13.3 Dewatering excavations -- 13.4 Sunk wells and caissons -- 13.5 Shafts, deep pillars and design of deep foundations -- 13.6 Anchor walls -- 14 FOUNDATIONS IN STRUCTURALLY-UNSTABLE SOILS -- 14.1 Generc.l -- 14.2 Use of weak soil for foundations of structures -- 14.3 Foundations in subsiding and swelling soils -- 14.4 Foundations in permafrost regions -- 15 FOUNDATIONS SUBJECT TO DYNAMIC EFFECTS -- 15.1 Foundation soil stability under dynamic loading -- 15.2 Foundations for machines -- 15.3 Foundations in seismic regions -- 16 STRENGTHENING FOUNDATIONS AND FOOTINGS AND CHANGING CONDITIONS OF FOUNDATION SOIL -- 16.1 Reasons for strengthening foundations and footings -- 16.2 Measures for strengthening foundations and footings -- 16.3 Construction of footings at existing structures -- 17 SELECTION OF OPTIMUM DESIGN MEASURES FOR FOUNDATIONS AND FOOTINGS -- 17.1 Design alternatives -- 17.2 Optimum design of foundation and structure -- 17.3 Comparison of alternatives in terms of engineering and economy -- CLOSURE -- NOTATION -- APPENDICES: STANDARD STRENGTH AND DEFORMATION PROPERTIES OF SOIL (BY THE SOVIET STANDARDS SNiP 2.02.01-83) -- REFERENCES.