Simulated Annealing for VLSI Design

1. Introduction.- 1.1. Combinatorial Optimization.- 1.2. The Method of Simulated Annealing.- 1.3. Remarks.- 2. Placement.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Gate-Array Placement.- 2.2.1. The K-G-V Algorithm.- 2.2.2. TimberWolf.- 2.3. Standard-Cell Placement.- 2.3.1. TimberWolf.- 2.3.2. Another Approach.- 2.4. Macro/Custom-Cell Placement.- 2.4.1. Jespen and Gelatt's Algorithm.- 2.4.2. TimberWolf.- 2.5. Other Stochastic Algorithms.- 2.5.1. Genetic Placement.- 2.5.2. Simulated Evolution Placement.- 2.6. Concluding Remarks.- 3. Floorplan Design.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. Part 1: Rectangular Modules.- 3.2.1. Slicing Floorplans.- 3.2.2. Solution Space.- 3.2.3. Neighboring Solutions.- 3.2.4. Cost Function.- 3.2.5. Annealing Schedule.- 3.2.6. Experimental Results.- 3.3. Part 2: Rectangular and L-Shaped Modules.- 3.3.1. Geometric Figures.- 3.3.2. The Operators.- 3.3.3. Floorplan Representation.- 3.3.4. The Algorithm.- 3.3.5. Experimental Results.- 3.4. Concluding Remarks.- 4. Channel Routing.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. The Channel Routing Problem.- 4.3. The Channel Router SACR.- 4.3.1. Solution Space.- 4.3.2. Neighboring Solutions.- 4.3.3. Cost Function.- 4.3.4. Annealing Schedule.- 4.3.5. Fast Approximation Scheme.- 4.4. The Channel Router SACR2.- 4.5. Experimental Results and Discussion.- 4.6. Concluding Remarks.- 5. Permutation Channel Routing.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Motivation and Applications.- 5.3. NP-Completeness Results.- 5.4. First Method - Simulated Annealing.- 5.4.1. Neighboring Solutions.- 5.4.2. Cost Function.- 5.4.3. Annealing Schedule.- 5.5. Second Method - Iterative Improvement.- 5.5.1. The Iterative Improvement Scheme.- 5.5.2. Version-D.- 5.5.3. Version-C.- 5.5.4. Choice of Initial Solution.- 5.6. Experimental Results.- 5.7. Concluding Remarks.- 6. PLA Folding.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. The PLA Folding Problem.- 6.3. The PLA Folding Algorithm.- 6.3.1. Solution Space.- 6.3.2. Neighboring Solutions.- 6.3.3. Cost Function.- 6.3.4. Annealing Schedule.- 6.4. Multiple-Folded PLA Realization.- 6.5. Constrained Multiple Folding.- 6.6. Simple Folding.- 6.7. Experimental Results and Discussions.- 6.8. Concluding Remarks.- 7. Gate Matrix Layout.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Problem Formulation.- 7.3. Generalized Problem Formulation.- 7.4. Advantages of the Generalized Formulation.- 7.5. The Simulated Annealing Method.- 7.5.1. Solution Space.- 7.5.2. Neighboring Solutions.- 7.5.3. Cost Function.- 7.5.4. Annealing Schedule.- 7.6. Experimental Results.- 7.7. Concluding Remarks.- 8. Array Optimization.- 8.1. Introduction.- 8.2. The Array Optimization Problem.- 8.3. Definitions.- 8.4. The Array Optimization Algorithm.- 8.4.1. The Algorithm Column-Fold.- 8.4.2. The Algorithm Row-Fold.- 8.4.3. The Solution Space.- 8.4.4. The Main Folding Algorithm.- 8.5. Experimental Results.- 8.6. Concluding Remarks.- References.