Self and Others

1. The Aim of This Essay.- 2. Kinds of Egoism.- 3. The Plan of This Essay.- 4. Terminology and Conventions.- I Preliminary Matters.- 1. A Short History of Ethical Egoism.- 1.1. Preliminary Remarks.- 1.2. Classical Times.- 1.3. From Thomas Aquinas to Nietzsche.- 1.4. From Hobbes to Sidgwick.- 1.5. Hobbes.- 1.6. Butler.- 1.7. Sidgwick.- 1.8. After Sidgwick.- 1.9. Ethical Egoism and Individualistic Society.- 2. Kinds of Ethical Egoism.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Forms of Ethical Egoism.- 2.3. Interpretations of Ethical Egoism.- 2.4. The Subjective Conception of Intrinsic Value.- 3. The Interpretation of Strong Egoism.- 3.1. Self-Regarding Egoism or Butlerian Egoism?.- 3.2. Eudaimonistic Egoism or Preference Egoism?.- 3.3. Time-Neutral Egoism: A First Objection.- 3.4. Time-Neutral Egoism: A Second Objection.- II The Debate on Ethical Egoism.- 4. Arguments for Ethical Egoism.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. The Argument from Psychological Egoism.- 4.3. The Argument from Biology.- 4.4. Some Other Arguments.- 4.5. Arguments and Presuppositions.- 5. Normative and Semantic Objections.- 5.1. Normative Objections.- 5.2. The Argument from 'Morality'.- 5.3. The Argument from 'Morally Ought'.- 5.4. Moore's Objection.- 5.5. Baumer's Objection.- 5.6. The Argument from Joint Performability.- 5.7. Daniels' Objection.- 5.8. The Argument from Moral Help.- 6. Pragmatic and Other Objections.- 6.1. The Argument from Self-Subvertingness.- 6.2. The Argument from Indirect Self-Defeatingness.- 6.3. The Argument from Assentability.- 6.4. The Argument from Pragmatic Inconsistency.- 6.5. Ethical Egoism and Society.- 6.6. Ethical Egoism and the Self.- III The Assessment of Ethical Egoism.- 7. The Strong Form of Ethical Egoism.- 7.1. The Argument from Joint Satisfiability.- 7.2. Joint Satisfiability and Agent-Relativity.- 7.3. The Argument from Self-Defeatingness.- 7.4. The Argument from Pareto-Optimal Equilibria.- 7.5. Nietzschean Egoism.- 8. Weak Forms of Egoism.- 8.1. Introduction.- 8.2. Egoism as a Lexically Ordered Principle.- 8.3. Egoism as a Co-Ordinated Principle.- 8.4. Rule Egoism.- 9. Ethical Egoism and Rationality.- 9.1. The Received Conception of Rational Action.- 9.2. The Argument from Rationality.- 9.3. Gauthier's Proposal.- 9.4. My Proposal.- IV A Last Resort.- 10. Collective Egoism.- 10.1. The Collectivistic Conception of Morality.- 10.2. Game Theory and the Interpretation of Collective Egoism.- 10.3. A Tentative Interpretation of Collective Egoism.- 10.4. Ethical Egoism and Metaphysical Individualism.- 10.5. Concluding Remarks.- Notes.- Index (names and subjects).