Philo and Paul among the Sophists

Alexandrian and Corinthian Responses to a Julio-Claudian Movement

By: Bruce W. Winter

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Paperback | 13 November 2001 | Edition Number 2

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In this highly acclaimed work, Bruce Winter gathers for the first time all the available evidence on the first-century sophistic movement from two major centers of learning in the East. Together with the writings of the contemporary Hellenistic Jews, Philo and Paul, he discusses all the protagonists and antagonists of this movement in Alexandria and Corinth. This study provides important insights into the problems that this elitist movement created for Diaspora Jews in Alexandria and for Christians in Corinth. It also traces the origins of the Second Sophistic in the reign of Nero.

Substantially revised and including a new foreword by G. W. Bowersock, this volume is also supported by a web site — www.s ophist.info — featuring additional archaeological evidence and photographs.

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Non-Fiction Religion & Beliefs Christianity Philosophy History of Western Philosophy Ancient Western Philosophy Religion Philosophy of Religion History of Religion History General & World History

Foreword	p. ix
Preface to the Second Edition	p. x
Preface to the First Edition	p. xiv
Abbreviations	p. xvi
Introduction	p. 1
The purpose of this book	p. 1
The sophists	p. 3
Philo among the Alexandrian sophists	p. 5
Paul among the Corinthian sophists	p. 7
Recent sophistic and rhetorical studies	p. 9
The structure of this book	p. 13
The Alexandrian Sophists	p. 15
Introduction to Part I	p. 17
A student among the Alexandrian sophists	p. 19
The shortage of sophists' schools	p. 20
A private tutor in rhetoric as an alternative	p. 24
The public declaimers	p. 30
The status of students of the sophists	p. 34
Conclusion	p. 38
Dio and the Alexandrian sophistic leaders	p. 40
The conflict in Alexandria	p. 40
Dio as Alexandria's counsellor and saviour	p. 42
Philosophers as former leaders in politeia	p. 44
Orators, poets and sophists as present leaders in politeia	p. 48
Orators and sophists in Dio's corpus	p. 54
Conclusion	p. 58
Who are Philo's sophists?	p. 59
Identifying Philo's sophists	p. 59
Present-day orators and sophists in Contempl. 31	p. 62
The throng of sophists in Agr. 136	p. 66
Sophists and Sceptics and Academic philosophers in QG III.33	p. 69
Sophists and Peripatetics, Stoics, Epicureans etc. in Congr. 67	p. 72
Sophists and the ancient poets Homer and Hesiod in Op. 157	p. 75
Conclusion	p. 78
Philo's critique of the Alexandrian sophistic tradition	p. 80
The sophistic misuse of paideia for vice	p. 81
The sophistic misuse of paideia for deception	p. 88
The sophistic misuse of paideia for personal gain	p. 91
Conclusion	p. 94
Philo among the sophists	p. 95
Philo as orator and debater	p. 95
Debating with and defeating the sophists	p. 100
General conclusions	p. 106
The Corinthian Sophists	p. 109
Introduction to Part II	p. 111
Epictetus and the Corinthian student of the sophists	p. 113
Epictetus and the sophists	p. 113
Epictetus and sophistic declamations	p. 118
Conclusion	p. 121
Dio and Plutarch among the Corinthian sophists	p. 123
Dio among the Corinthian sophists	p. 123
Favorinus, the sophist, in Corinth	p. 129
Herodes Atticus, the sophist and benefactor of Corinth	p. 134
Plutarch among the Corinthian sophists	p. 138
Conclusion	p. 140
Paul and sophistic conventions	p. 141
Introduction	p. 141
Paul's anti-sophistic coming and conduct: 1 Corinthians 2.1-5; 9	p. 143
The Corinthians' sophistic response: 1 Corinthians 1.12, 3.4	p. 172
Conclusion	p. 178
Paul's critique of the Corinthian sophistic tradition	p. 180
The so-called 'apologia': 1 Corinthians 1-4	p. 181
Inferiority and sophistic status: 1 Corinthians 1.4-9	p. 183
The idolatry of sophistic imitation: 1 Corinthians 1.10-17a	p. 185
Sophistic boasting: 1 Corinthians 1.17b-31	p. 187
The sophist/disciple boasting and imitation reversed: 1 Corinthians 3.18-23	p. 195
The irony of Paul's 'covert allusion', boasting, status, and true imitation: 1 Corinthians 4.6ff.	p. 196
Conclusion	p. 201
Paul among the Christian sophists	p. 203
Introduction	p. 203
The sophistic assessment of Paul as orator and debater: 2 Corinthians 10.10, 11.6, 12.16	p. 204
Paul's assessment of the Christian sophists: 2 Corinthians 10-13	p. 231
Conclusion	p. 237
Conclusions	p. 240
The first-century sophistic movement	p. 240
Philo's and Paul's sophistic opponents	p. 243
The sophistic versus the Gnostic thesis	p. 245
Philo, Paul, and rhetoric	p. 246
Philo and Paul--towards a comparison	p. 252
Athens and Jerusalem, the Academy and the church	p. 254
POxy. 2190	p. 256
Bibliography	p. 261
Index of subjects	p. 283
Index of literary sources	p. 286
Index of non-literary sources	p. 296
Index of authors	p. 298
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Philo and Paul among the Sophists

Alexandrian and Corinthian Responses to a Julio-Claudian Movement

At a Glance

Paperback

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