Patrons, Clients and Friends

Interpersonal Relations and the Structure of Trust in Society

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Paperback | 17 December 1984

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352 Pages

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22.86 x 15.24 x 2.01

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The form of social relations described by the terms 'patronage' and 'patron-client relations' is of central concern to sociologists, anthropologists and political scientists today. Characterised by its voluntary and highly personal but often fully institutionalised nature, it is a type of behaviour found in almost every human society. It touches upon basic aspects of the construction and regulation of social order and is therefore closely connected to major theoretical problems and controversies in the social sciences.

This book analyses some special types of these interpersonal relations -- ritual kinship, patron-client relations and friendship -- and the social conditions in which they develop. The authors draw upon a wide range of examples, from societies as diverse as those of the Mediterranean. Latin America, the Middle and Far East and the U.S.S.R., in their study of the core characteristics of such relationships. They look at them as mechanisms of social exchange, examine their impact on the institutional structures in which they exist, and assess the significance of the variations in their occurrence. Their analysis highlights the importance of these relationships in social life and concludes with a stimulating discussion of the ensuing tensions and ambivalences and the ways in which these are dealt with -- though perhaps never fully overcome.

Patrons, clients and friends is the first systematic comparative study of these interpersonal relations and makes the first attempt to relate them to central aspects of social structure. It will therefore be an important contribution to both comparative analysis and social theory and will be of interest to a wide range of socialscientists.

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Preface	p. ix
Personal Relations, Trust and Ambivalence in Relation to the Institutional Order	p. 1
The Construction of Trust in the Social Order and its Ambivalences: Viewed From the Development of Sociological Theory	p. 19
The Structuring of Trust in Society: Unconditionalities, Generalised Exchange and the Development of Interpersonal Relations	p. 29
The Basic Characteristics and Variety of Patron-Client Relations	p. 43
The core characteristics of patron-client relations	p. 43
Patron-client relations in southern Europe	p. 50
Ancient Republican Rome	p. 52
Southern Italy	p. 64
Western Sicily	p. 68
Central Italy	p. 70
Spain	p. 71
Greece	p. 77
Patron-client relations in the Muslim Middle East	p. 81
Turkey	p. 84
Jordan	p. 87
Northern Iraq	p. 88
Egypt	p. 89
Lebanon	p. 91
Morocco	p. 95
Patron-client relations in Latin America	p. 99
Colombia	p. 102
Brazil	p. 104
Peru	p. 107
Bolivia	p. 111
Argentina	p. 113
Mexico	p. 114
Patron-client relations in southeast Asia	p. 117
Indonesia	p. 122
The Philippines	p. 127
Thailand	p. 130
Burma	p. 137
Patron-client relations in China, Japan, India, Rwanda and southwestern Cyrenaica	p. 138
China	p. 139
Japan	p. 145
India	p. 150
Rwanda	p. 153
Southwestern Cyrenaica	p. 154
Patron-client relations in the U.S.A., the U.S.S.R. and modern Japan	p. 155
The U.S.A.	p. 155
The U.S.S.R.	p. 157
Modern Japan	p. 159
Approaching the systematic study of variations in patron-client relations	p. 162
The Clientelistic Mode of Generalised Exchange and Patron--Client Relations as Addenda to the Central Institutional Nexus	p. 166
The clientelistic mode of generalised exchange in comparative perspective	p. 166
Patron-client relations as addenda to ascriptive hierarchical models of generalised exchange	p. 173
Introduction	p. 173
Patron-client relations in Japan	p. 174
Patron-client relations in ascriptive hierarchical systems	p. 178
Patron-client relations as addenda to universalistic modes of generalised exchange	p. 184
Countervailing forces to the development of patron-client relations in universalistic societies: the U.S.S.R., the U.S.A. and Israel	p. 185
The U.S.S.R.	p. 186
The U.S.A.	p. 191
Israel	p. 195
The failure of countervailing forces in clientelistic societies	p. 200
The Social Conditions Generating Patron-Client Relations	p. 203
Variations in Patron-Client Relations	p. 220
Organisational aspects of clientelism: institutional placement and structure of networks	p. 228
Modes of patron-client role taking	p. 245
Styles of installation: the forms of construction of patron-client relations	p. 248
Variations in clientelistic exchanges	p. 250
Institutional markets, resources and the time perspective of reciprocity in patron-client relations	p. 252
The relative importance of instrumental considerations, solidarity and power differentials in exchange	p. 256
Discretion, subversive attitudes, and socio-moral restraints	p. 259
Continuities, discontinuities and instability of patron-client relations	p. 263
Ritualised Interpersonal Relations; Privacy and Friendship	p. 269
Ritualised interpersonal relations in 'tribal' societies	p. 272
Interpersonal relations in traditional or historical societies	p. 276
Interpersonal relations and privacy in modern societies	p. 282
Concluding Remarks: The Dialectics of Trust and the Social Order	p. 294
Notes	p. 302
Index	p. 341
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Patrons, Clients and Friends

Interpersonal Relations and the Structure of Trust in Society

At a Glance

Paperback

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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