Passive Optical Components for Optical Fiber Transmission

By: Norio Kashima

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Hardcover | 1 February 1995

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Hardcover
360 Pages

Dimensions(cm)
24.13 x 16.51 x 2.54

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Focusing on connection technologies used for both single-mode and multimode fibers, this book explains multifiber connections such as mass-fusion splice and multifiber connectors. Information on fluoride glass fibers, doped fibers (EDFA), and components is included.

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Electronics & Communications Engineering Communications Engineering & Telecommunications Other Technologies & Applied Sciences Applied Optics Fibre Optics Computing & I.T.Computer Networking & Communications Technology in General

Preface	p. xiii
Basic Technologies	p. 1
Introduction to Passive Optical Components	p. 3
Optical-Fiber Transmission Systems	p. 3
History of Fiber Transmission	p. 3
Optical-Fiber Transmission	p. 4
Optical Trunk System	p. 7
Optical Subscriber Loop System	p. 7
Optical Cable Television System	p. 7
Optical LAN System	p. 10
Optical Fiber and Cable	p. 11
Classification of Optical Fiber	p. 11
Fiber Fabrication Method	p. 16
Optical-Fiber Cable	p. 18
Passive Optical Components and Their Application	p. 20
Classification of Passive Optical Components	p. 20
Mathematical Representation of Passive Optical Components	p. 24
Application for Fiber Transmission	p. 26
Requirements for Passive Optical Components	p. 30
References	p. 31
Characteristics of Optical Fibers	p. 33
Transmission Characteristics of Fibers	p. 33
Basic Equations for Fiber Transmission Characteristics	p. 33
Optical Loss of a Fiber	p. 35
Transmission Characteristics of Single-Mode Fibers	p. 37
Mode Field of Single-Mode Fiber	p. 37
Dispersion of Single-Mode Fiber	p. 42
Transmission Characteristics of Multimode Fibers	p. 46
Mode Number and Loss Characteristics	p. 46
Modal Dispersion and Baseband Characteristics	p. 50
Mode Conversion	p. 51
Mechanical Characteristics	p. 54
References	p. 55
Transmission Characteristics of Passive Optical Components	p. 57
Connection Loss	p. 57
Connection Loss in Single-Mode Fibers	p. 58
Connection Loss in Multimode Fibers	p. 62
Mode Conversion by Connection in Multimode Fibers	p. 65
Experimental Investigation of Mode Conversion	p. 65
Theoretical Investigation of Mode Conversion	p. 67
Influence of Fiber Structure on Connection Loss	p. 76
Loss Properties for Connections in Cascade	p. 77
Modal Noise Caused by Connection	p. 79
Reflection Properties and Influence	p. 80
Reflection Properties of Fusion Splices	p. 80
Reflection Properties of Connectors	p. 83
Low-Reflection Techniques	p. 86
Influence of Reflection	p. 88
References	p. 90
Measurements for Passive Optical Components	p. 93
Fiber Parameter Measurements	p. 94
Single-Mode Fiber Parameter Measurements	p. 94
Multimode Fiber Parameter Measurements	p. 95
Loss Measurement	p. 99
Cutback and Insertion Methods	p. 99
Backscattering Method	p. 105
Wavelength-Dependent Loss Measurement	p. 110
Baseband Frequency and Chromatic Dispersion Measurement	p. 111
Baseband Frequency Measurement in Multimode Fiber Systems	p. 111
Chromatic Dispersion Measurement in Single-Mode Fiber Systems	p. 114
Reflection Properties Measurement	p. 116
Fiber Endface Quality Measurement	p. 118
Optical Crosstalk Measurement	p. 119
Fault Location and Diagnosis Measurement	p. 120
References	p. 125
Simple Connection	p. 129
Fusion Splicing by Discharge	p. 131
Outline and History of Fusion Splicing	p. 131
Fiber-Cutting and Prefusion Method	p. 136
High-Frequency Discharge With High-Voltage Trigger Method	p. 139
AC Discharge Properties	p. 139
HHT Method	p. 146
Characteristics of High-Frequency Discharge	p. 149
Fiber-Alignment Method	p. 151
Surface Tension Effect	p. 156
Uniform Heating for Mass-Fusion Splice	p. 157
Uniform Heating With Two Pairs of Electrodes	p. 157
Uniform Heating Using High-Frequency Discharge	p. 158
Protection	p. 160
Fusion-Splicing Machine	p. 163
References	p. 164
Fusion Splicing Using Gas Laser and Flame	p. 167
Fusion Splicing Using Gas Laser	p. 167
Fusion Splicing Using a Flame	p. 169
References	p. 170
Mechanical and Adhesive-Bonded Splices	p. 173
Outline of Mechanical and Adhesive-Bonded Splices	p. 173
Mechanical Splice	p. 175
Silicon	p. 175
Plastic	p. 178
Glass	p. 178
Other Materials	p. 179
Adhesive-Bonded Splice	p. 180
Plastics	p. 180
Glass	p. 181
Metal	p. 182
References	p. 182
Optical Connectors	p. 185
Outline of Optical Connector	p. 185
Single-Fiber Connectors	p. 189
Array-Fiber Connectors	p. 192
2D-Fiber Connectors	p. 198
Centering Effect	p. 199
Centering Effects in Ferrule-Type Single-Fiber Connectors	p. 199
Theory of Connection Loss in Ferrule-Type Single-Mode Connectors	p. 201
Centering Effect in Array-Fiber Connectors	p. 206
References	p. 207
Fiber Connection of Special Fibers	p. 209
Connection of Polarization-Maintaining Fiber	p. 209
Fusion Splice of PANDA Fibers	p. 210
Connectors and Mechanical Splices of Polarization-Maintaining Fibers	p. 216
Connection of Fluoride Glass Fiber	p. 216
Connection of Erbium-Doped Fiber	p. 217
Taper Splicing Method (Down-Tapering)	p. 219
Up-Tapering Method	p. 220
TEC Method	p. 220
References	p. 221
Component With Function	p. 223
Optical Coupler and Branch	p. 225
Directional Coupler	p. 225
Scattering Matrix and Classification	p. 225
Coupled-Wave Equation	p. 228
Directional Couplers With a Rectangular Core	p. 232
Examples of Directional Couplers	p. 234
Y-Branch	p. 244
Star Coupler	p. 245
References	p. 250
Optical Filters	p. 253
WDM Filter	p. 254
Bulk-Type WDM Filter	p. 254
Fiber-Type WDM Filter	p. 263
Waveguide-Type WDM Filter	p. 268
Waveguide-Type N [times] N WDM Filter	p. 272
OFDM Filter	p. 273
Fabry-Perot Interferometer-Type Filter	p. 273
Mach-Zehnder Interferometer-Type Filter	p. 277
Ring Resonator-Type Filter	p. 279
Band-Rejection Filters and Bragg Reflectors	p. 281
Optical Signal-Processing Filter	p. 284
References	p. 287
Attenuators, Isolators, and Circulators	p. 291
Optical Attenuators	p. 291
Optical Isolators	p. 293
Optical Circulators	p. 299
Fiber-Type Polarizers	p. 302
References	p. 304
Optical Mechanical Switch	p. 307
General Aspects of Optical Mechanical Switches	p. 307
Application and Classification of Optical Switches	p. 307
Characteristics of Optical Mechanical Switches	p. 311
1 [times] 1 Mechanical Switch (ON/OFF Switch)	p. 312
1 [times] N Mechanical Switch	p. 314
1 [times] 2 Fiber-Moving-Type Switch	p. 314
1 [times] N Fiber-Moving-Type Switch	p. 316
1 [times] 2 Optical-Component-Moving-Type Switch	p. 318
N [times] M Mechanical Switch (Matrix Switch)	p. 320
N [times] M Fiber-Moving-Type Switch	p. 320
N [times] M Optical-Component-Moving-Type Switch	p. 323
References	p. 324
Future Technology	p. 325
Fiber and Cable Connection	p. 325
Optical Signal Processing and Optical Interconnection	p. 328
Integrated Passive Optical Circuits	p. 330
References	p. 330
About the Author	p. 331
Index	p. 333
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Passive Optical Components for Optical Fiber Transmission

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