Ozone in Water Treatment

INTRODUCTION. PURPOSE OF BOOK. CURRENT ROLE OF OZONE IN DRINKING WATER TREATMENT. History of Ozone Use. Current Status in North America. Current Status in Europe. Current Status in the Middle East and Far East. Current Status in the World at Large. THE FUTURE. FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS. CHEMISTRY-INTRODUCTION. Molecular Ozone Reactivity. Decomposition of Ozone. Reaction With Inorganics. Oxidation of Synthetic Organic Compounds. Reaction of Ozone on Cell Constituents In Vitro. Reactions With Aquatic Humic Substances. TOXICOLOGY. Principles and Limitations of Toxicological Testing. Short-Term Mutagenicity and Genotoxicity Tests. Short-Term Bioassay for Carcinogenic/Mutagenic By-Products. Subchronic Bioassays on Nongenotoxic Ozone Disinfection By-Products. THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF OZONE ANALYSIS-INTRODUCTION. Ozone Measurements in the Gas Phase. Interferences Affecting Dissolved Ozone Measurements. Constraints of Dissolved Ozone Measurements. Reporting Gas-Phase Ozone Concentration. Ozone Measurement in the Aqueous Phase (Ozone Residual). Gas-Phase Measurements. Conclusions. OZONE GENERATION. Basic Principles. Ozone Generation By Corona Discharge. Alternative Methods. OZONE GAS TRANSFER. Solubility of Ozone in Water. Contacting of Ozone With Water. PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF OZONE: PRINCIPLES AND CASE STUDIES. INTRODUCTION. Uses of Ozone. Current Practice. IRON AND MANGANESE REMOVAL. Principles of Removal. Case Studies. Design Considerations. COLOR ABATEMENT. Definition and Origin of Color. Treatments for Color Removal. Case Study: Tullich Water Treatment Works, Oban, Scotland. Design Considerations. CONTROL OF TASTES AND ODORS. Introduction. Definition of Tastes and Odors and Evaluation Techniques. Odor- and Taste-Producing Compounds and Their Origin. Odor and Taste Elimination Processes. Case Studies: Choisy-le-Roi and Morsang-sur-Seine. Design Considerations. ELIMINATION OF SYNTHETIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Uncatalyzed Ozonation. Advanced Oxidation Processes. Case Study on Ozone-G