Nitrogen Fixation by Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture

I. Biological Nitrogen Fixation in the Mediterranean Region.- The role of pasture and forage legumes in livestock based farming systems.- Food legumes in the Mediterranean type of environment.- Development of a regional program on biological nitrogen fixation to enhance agricultural production in the near east.- Maximizing biological nitrogen fixation by forage and pasture legumes in semi-arid areas.- The use of biological nitrogen fixation to develop livestock and cereal production in Morocco.- Annual forage legumes in the arid and semi-arid regions of Turkey.- The role of legumes in agricultural production in Cyprus.- Woody legumes in arid and semi-arid zones: the Rhizobium-Prosopis chiliensis symbiosis.- Biological nitrogen fixation research on grain legumes in Ethiopia: an overview.- The status of biological nitrogen fixation research in Lebanon.- II. Genetic and Physiological Aspects of Legumes and Rhizobia.- Analysis of the host genes controlling the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis: some technical problems and pitfalls.- Cloning gene(s) for competition nodulation blocking on Afghanistan peas from Rhizobium leguminosarum.- Physiology and genetics of Rhizobium nodulating chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.).- Rhizobium strains from wild and primitive legumes: a nuisance or valuable gene pool?.- Host-Rhizobium relationships and their implications for legume breeding.- Infection, development and functioning of nodules under drought and salinity.- The role of mycorrhiza in improving the establishment and function of the Rhizobium - legume system under field conditions.- III. Ecology of Rhizobium and Inoculation.- Ecological aspects of the root-nodule bacteria: competition and survival.- The microbial aspects of faba bean culture.- Numerical effects of Rhizobium population on legume symbiosis.- Identification and characterization of rhizobia using the ELISA technique.- Selection of Rhizobium strains.- Selection of rhizobia for inoculation of forage legumes in savanna and rainforest soils of tropical America.- Field performance of rhizobial inoculants for some important legumes in Egypt.- Effect of Rhizobium inoculation, lime and addition of molybdenum on the yield of Vicia faba.- Seed inoculation and inoculant technology.- Legume inoculants; their technology and application.- Inoculant production in Turkey.- IV. Nitrogen Fixation Limitations and Potential.- The role of legume, Rhizobium and environment in nitrogen fixation: constraints on symbiotic potential and their removal.- Influence of some agroclimatic factors and agronomic practices on nitrogen nutrition of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).- Effect of edaphic factors on biological nitrogen fixation in Vicia fabae under Egyptian field conditions.- Biological nitrogen fixation by faba bean, lentil and chickpea in the traditional versus the new areas of the Sudan.- Measurement of nitrogen fixation by the acetylene reduction assay: myths and mysteries.- The use of 15N enriched fertilizers for estimating nitrogen fixation in grain and pasture legumes.- Isotope dilution as a method for measuring nitrogen transfer from forage legumes to grasses.- Extension/transfer of BNF technology.- V. Workshop Synthesis and Recommendations Developed from Group Discussion.- L. R. Mytton.