| Preface | p. XI |
| Activities Preceding Patient Arrival | |
| Clarifying the Referral Question | p. 1 |
| The Preevaluation Letter | p. 2 |
| Reviewing Records of Previous History | p. 4 |
| The Clinical Interview | |
| Introducing the Evaluation and Establishing Rapport | p. 6 |
| Identifying Concerns about the Patient | p. 8 |
| The General Inquiry | p. 8 |
| The Specific Inquiry | p. 11 |
| Obtaining the Background History | p. 13 |
| Medical History | p. 13 |
| Educational, Occupational, and Family History | p. 17 |
| Using the Interview to Evaluate the Patient | p. 18 |
| Awareness of Cognitive Change or Other Unusual Behaviors | p. 18 |
| Affect | p. 19 |
| Expressive and Receptive Language | p. 19 |
| Memory for Personal History | p. 20 |
| Concluding the Interview and Transitioning to Formal Testing | p. 20 |
| General Principles and Guidelines for Formal Testing | |
| Screening Sensory Abilities | p. 23 |
| Optimizing the Test Environment | p. 24 |
| Orienting the Patient to Testing | p. 25 |
| Guidelines for Use of Psychometrists | p. 26 |
| Principles of Test Design: Reliability and Validity | p. 27 |
| Choosing Normative Data for Older Individuals | p. 30 |
| Selecting the Test Battery | p. 33 |
| Evaluation of General Intellectual Function, Attention, Executive Function, Verbal Abilities, and Visuospatial and Visuoconstructive Abilities | |
| Assessment of General Intellectual Function | p. 37 |
| Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III | p. 37 |
| Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence | p. 38 |
| Dementia Rating Scale | p. 39 |
| Tests of Specific Abilities | p. 43 |
| Attention and Executive Function | p. 44 |
| Verbal Abilities | p. 53 |
| Visuospatial and Visuoconstructive Abilities | p. 63 |
| Memory Evaluation in Older Adults | |
| Memory Systems: Declarative and Nondeclarative Memory | p. 74 |
| A Model of Remembering New Information | p. 78 |
| Dimensions for Clinical Assessment of Memory | p. 81 |
| Test Instruments for Evaluation of Memory | p. 85 |
| WMS-III Information and Orientation | p. 87 |
| WMS-III Logical Memory (LM) | p. 88 |
| WMS-III Word Lists | p. 89 |
| WMS-III Visual Reproduction | p. 90 |
| Neuropsychological Profiles of Common Disorders Affecting Older Adults I: Alzheimer's Disease, Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration | |
| Definition of Dementia | p. 93 |
| Cortical and Subcortical Dementia Syndromes | p. 94 |
| Alzheimer's Disease | p. 97 |
| Background | p. 97 |
| Neuropsychological Characteristics of Alzheimer's Disease | p. 101 |
| Alzheimer's Disease Subtypes | p. 103 |
| Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease | p. 107 |
| Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration | p. 108 |
| Background | p. 108 |
| Frontotemporal Dementia | p. 109 |
| Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia | p. 111 |
| Semantic Dementia | p. 111 |
| Distinguishing Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration from Alzheimer's Disease | p. 112 |
| Neuropsychological Profiles II: Vascular Disease, Dementia with Lewy Bodies | |
| Cerebrovascular Disease and Vascular Dementia | p. 115 |
| Background | p. 115 |
| Neuropsychology of Cerebrovascular Disease | p. 117 |
| Vascular Dementia | p. 122 |
| Differentiating between Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease | p. 123 |
| Neuropsychiatry of Cerebrovascular Disease | p. 125 |
| Dementia with Lewy Bodies | p. 126 |
| Background | p. 126 |
| Neuropsychological Characteristics of Dementia with Lewy Bodies | p. 127 |
| Neuropsychological Profiles III: Parkinsonian Disorders, Corticobasal Degeneration, Huntington's Disease | |
| Parkinson's Disease | p. 129 |
| Diagnosis and Clinical Characteristics | p. 129 |
| Special Issues in Evaluation of Patients with Parkinson's Disease | p. 132 |
| Neuropsychological Function in Parkinson's Disease | p. 133 |
| Variables Affecting Neuropsychological Function in Parkinson's Disease | p. 136 |
| Dementia in Parkinson's Disease | p. 136 |
| Neuropsychiatric Disorder in Parkinson's Disease | p. 138 |
| Other Parkinsonian Syndromes with Neuropsychological Correlates | p. 140 |
| Progressive Supranuclear Palsy | p. 140 |
| Multiple System Atrophy | p. 141 |
| Corticobasal Degeneration | p. 142 |
| Huntington's Disease | p. 143 |
| Neuropsychological Features of Huntington's Disease | p. 144 |
| Neuropsychiatric Features | p. 146 |
| Neuropsychological Profiles IV: Traumatic Brain Injury, Substance-Related Disorders, Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus, Metabolic and Toxic Disorders | |
| Traumatic Brain Injury | p. 147 |
| Background | p. 147 |
| Neuropsychological Correlates of Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults | p. 148 |
| Neuropsychological Differences between Traumatic Brain Injury and Alzheimer's Disease | p. 149 |
| Substance-Related Disorders | p. 149 |
| Background | p. 149 |
| Assessing Substance-Related Disorders during the Clinical Interview | p. 151 |
| Brain Changes Associated with Alcohol-Related Disorders | p. 152 |
| Neuropsychological Changes Associated with Alcohol-Related Disorders | p. 153 |
| Neuropsychological Changes Associated with Medication Use | p. 156 |
| Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus | p. 162 |
| Metabolic and Toxic Disorders | p. 164 |
| Assessment of Depression during the Neuropsychological Evaluation | |
| Criteria for Diagnosing Depression | p. 170 |
| Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Characteristics of Depression in Older Adults | p. 170 |
| Assessing Depression during the Clinical Interview | p. 171 |
| Instruments for Screening for Depression | p. 173 |
| Neuropsychological Profiles of Depression | p. 175 |
| Depression and Brain Disease | p. 176 |
| The Concept of Pseudodementia | p. 177 |
| Differentiating Depression from Alzheimer's Disease | p. 178 |
| Electroconvulsive Therapy and Neuropsychological Change | p. 179 |
| Organizing and Interpreting Test Findings | |
| Computing Raw Test Scores | p. 182 |
| Computing z-Scores | p. 183 |
| Compiling the Neuropsychology Data Summary Sheet | p. 186 |
| Approaches to Estimating Premorbid Abilities | p. 186 |
| Best Performance Method | p. 187 |
| "Hold" Scores | p. 187 |
| Demographic Equations | p. 188 |
| Historical Data | p. 191 |
| Guidelines for Estimating Premorbid Abilities | p. 191 |
| Interpreting Test Findings | p. 195 |
| Interpreting Each Test Score | p. 195 |
| Interpreting Test Scores Relative to Premorbid Ability | p. 196 |
| Identifying the Neuropsychological Profile | p. 198 |
| Identifying Change on Reevaluation | p. 199 |
| Writing the Evaluation Report | |
| Report Header | p. 201 |
| Referral and Background Information | p. 202 |
| Behavioral Observations | p. 203 |
| Tests Administered | p. 203 |
| Test Results | p. 203 |
| Impressions and Recommendations | p. 203 |
| Providing Feedback and Planning Follow-up Services | |
| Organizing the Feedback Session | p. 206 |
| Clinical Considerations Important to Providing Feedback | p. 207 |
| Describing Neuropsychological Strengths and Weaknesses and Reasons for Change | p. 210 |
| Discussing Treatment Alternatives, Patient Care, and Follow-up Services | p. 211 |
| Addressing Interpersonal and Family System Issues | p. 214 |
| Appendixes | |
| Preevaluation Letter | p. 217 |
| Informed Consent for Neuropsychological Evaluation | p. 219 |
| Neuropsychological Interview | p. 221 |
| Behavioral Observations | p. 223 |
| Neuropsychology Data Summary Sheet | p. 225 |
| Outline of the Report of the Neuropsychological Evaluation | p. 229 |
| Patient Cases | p. 231 |
| Basic Brain Neuroanatomy | p. 253 |
| List of Abbreviations | p. 255 |
| References | p. 257 |
| Index | p. 303 |
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