NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B

Physics and Bi

By: Jacques Fraissard (Editor), Olga Lapina (Editor)

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Paperback | 2 November 2009

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Nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) a highly promising new technique for bulk explosives detection: relatively inexpensive, more compact than NMR, but with considerable selectivity. Since the NQR frequency is insensitive to long-range variations in composition, mixing explosives with other materials, such as the plasticizers in plastic explosives, makes no difference. The NQR signal strength varies linearly with the amount of explosive, and is independent of its distribution within the volume monitored. NQR spots explosive types in configurations missed by the X-ray imaging method.

But if NQR is so good, why it is not used everywhere? Its main limitation is the low signal-to-noise ratio, particularly with the radio-frequency interference that exists in a field environment, NQR polarization being much weaker than that from an external magnetic field. The distinctive signatures are there, but are difficult to extract from the noise. In addition, the high selectivity is partly a disadvantage, as it is hard to build a multichannel system necessary to cover a wide range of target substances. Moreover, substances fully screened by metallic enclosures, etc. are difficult to detect. A workshop was held at St Petersburg in July 2008 in an attempt to solve these problems and make NQR the universal technique for the detection of bombs regardless of type. This book presents the essentials of the papers given there.

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Preface	p. vii
	p. 1
¹⁴N NQR Detection of Explosives with Hybrid Sensors	p. 31
Polarization Enhanced NQR Detection at Low Frequencies	p. 41
Efficient Excitation and Ringing Suppression in Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance	p. 57
Detection of Concealed Liquid Explosives and Illicit Drugs in Unopened Bottles	p. 73
Prospectives and Limitations of NQR Signal Enhancement by Polarisation Transfer	p. 81
Modeling of QR Sensors for Optimized Explosives Detection	p. 95
Detection of Explosives by NQR Method: Main Aspects for Transport Security	p. 111
Double Resonance Detection of (Mainly Nitrogen) NQR Frequencies in Explosives and Drugs	p. 139
Signal Processing Methods in NQR	p. 159
¹⁴N Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Signals in Paranitrotoluene and Trinitrotoluene. Spin-Lock Spin-Echo off-resonance Effects	p. 171
Identification of Liquids Encountered in Carry-on-Luggage by Mobile NMR	p. 193
The Two-Frequency Multipulse Sequence in Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance of N-14 Nuclei	p. 205
The Detection of Industrial Explosives by the Quadrupole Resonance Method: Some Aspects of the Detection of Ammonium Nitrate and Trinitrotoluene	p. 231
Development of Electric Field NMR Signal Acquisition System	p. 245
Berry's Phase in NQR of Powders	p. 253
Contribution of Copper NQR Spectroscopy to the Geological Studies of Complex Sulfides and Oxides	p. 271
Index	p. 289
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B

Physics and Bi

At a Glance

Paperback

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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