Measurement of Cardiac Deformations from MRI : Physical and Mathematical Models : Physical and Mathematical Models - A.A. Amini

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Measurement of Cardiac Deformations from MRI : Physical and Mathematical Models

Physical and Mathematical Models

By: A.A. Amini (Editor), Jerry L. Prince (Editor)

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Hardcover | 1 December 2001

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Hardcover
348 Pages

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23.5 x 15.88 x 1.27

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Measurement of Cardiac Deformations from MRI: Physical and Mathematical Models describes the latest imaging and imag analysis techniques that have been developed at leading centers for the visualization, analysis, and understanding of normal and abnormal cardiac motion with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The use of MRI in measuring cardiac motion is particularly important because MRI is non-invasive, and it is the only modality capable of imaging detailed intramural motion within the myocardium.
Biomedical engineers, medical physicists, computer scientists, and physicians interested in learning about the latest advances in cardiovascular MRI should find this book to be a valuable educational resource. In particular, it is more tutorial in nature than most of the technical papers where the research was originally published. Practitioners and researchers working in the field of cardiovascular MRI will find the book to be filled with practical technical details and references to other work, enabling the implementation of existing methods and serving as a basis for further research in the area.

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Non-Fiction Medicine Clinical & Internal Medicine Cardiovascular Medicine Other Branches of Medicine Medical Imaging Pre-Clinical Medicine & Basic Sciences Physiology Computing & I.T.Computer Science Image Processing Nursing & Ancillary Services

Biomedical Engineering Artificial Intelligence Computer Vision

Contributors	p. xi
Preface	p. xiii
Regional Stress and Strain in Healthy and Diseased Ventricular Myocardium
Introduction	p. 1
Ventricular Geometry and Structure	p. 2
Regional Myocardial Mechanics	p. 3
Engineering Models of Wall Stress	p. 7
Analyzing Wall Strain Distributions	p. 8
Regional Strain Distributions in Disease	p. 9
Future Directions	p. 10
Acknowledgments	p. 11
References for Chapter 1	p. 11
Clinical Applications of Cardiac Tagging
Introduction	p. 17
Imaging Techniques	p. 18
Tagged Image Data Analysis	p. 19
MR Tagging in Normal Human Heart	p. 22
MR Tagging in Ischemic Heart Disease	p. 24
MR Tagging in Left Ventricular Hypertrophy	p. 28
Cardiomyopathies	p. 29
Right Ventricular Mechanics	p. 30
Pericardial Constriction	p. 30
Summary	p. 30
Acknowledgments	p. 31
References for Chapter 2	p. 31
Finite Element Modeling for Three-Dimensional Motion Reconstruction and Analysis
Introduction	p. 37
The Finite Element Model	p. 38
Basis Functions	p. 39
Global Parameters	p. 40
Coordinate Systems	p. 40
Kinematics	p. 42
Model Tags: 3D Formulation	p. 43
Geometric Fits	p. 43
Model Tag 3D Fitting	p. 44
Image Analysis	p. 45
Minimization	p. 46
Reconstruction of RV Surface Deformation	p. 48
RV Free wall geometry	p. 49
Model Tags: Surface Formulation	p. 49
Principal Component Analysis	p. 51
Generating the Data Set	p. 53
PCA of Normal Geometry and Deformation	p. 53
Future Work	p. 55
References for Chapter 3	p. 56
Modeling and analysis of the RV and LV from MRI-SPAMM
Introduction	p. 59
Biventricular Model Geometry	p. 61
RV Contour Segmentation	p. 62
Processing Contour Data	p. 62
Finite element mesh generation	p. 64
3D RV and LV motion reconstruction	p. 64
MRI Input Data	p. 65
Model Dynamics	p. 65
External Forces from SPAMM data	p. 67
External forces From Contour Data	p. 69
Internal Forces Due To Stiffness	p. 70
Motion and Deformation Analysis	p. 72
Motion Parameters	p. 72
Data Analysis	p. 73
Results	p. 74
Model fitting behavior	p. 75
Validation studies	p. 75
Clinical Data	p. 79
Discussion	p. 84
Conclusions and Future Work	p. 85
Acknowledgments	p. 85
Appendix	p. 85
Finite Element Shape Functions	p. 85
Strain Calculation Using Finite Elements	p. 86
References for Chapter 4	p. 89
Motion Analysis of the Whole Heart
Motivation and Background	p. 91
Introduction and Background	p. 92
Anatomy and Physiology	p. 93
Studying Right Ventricular and Atrial Dynamics	p. 94
MR Imaging of Right Ventricular and Atrial Function	p. 95
B-Spline based Motion Tracking	p. 97
Methods	p. 98
MR Imaging	p. 98
Ventricular Motion Analysis	p. 100
Atrial Surface Fitting	p. 101
Calculation of the Atrial Motion Field	p. 103
Results	p. 106
Motion Analysis of Right and Left Ventricles	p. 106
Motion Analysis of Atria	p. 108
Discussion	p. 109
Conclusion	p. 112
Acknowledgments	p. 113
References for Chapter 5	p. 113
Harmonic Phase MRI
Introduction	p. 119
A Harmonic Model of Tagged MR Images	p. 120
HARP Motion Measurement Principles	p. 123
Apparent Motion	p. 125
Spatial and Temporal Derivatives	p. 126
CINE-HARP (CHARP) Methods	p. 127
Tracking Motion	p. 127
Legrangian Strain	p. 130
Velocity Fields	p. 134
Strain-rate Maps	p. 137
Single-shot HARP (SHARP) Methods	p. 139
Tagline Synthesis	p. 139
Radial and Circumferential Eulerian Strain	p. 140
Minimum and Maximum Eulerian Strain	p. 142
Contraction Angle	p. 145
Combining CHARP and SHARP Methods	p. 146
Summary and Conclusion	p. 146
Acknowledgments	p. 148
References for Chapter 6	p. 149
Automated Tag Detection
Introduction	p. 151
Signal Models	p. 152
Tagged Myocardium	p. 153
Untagged Tissue	p. 155
Tag Center Estimation	p. 156
Single Tag Center Estimation	p. 156
Tag Line Estimation	p. 158
Hypothesis Testing	p. 160
Myocardium Detection	p. 161
Tag Line Detection	p. 161
Removal of False Tag Points	p. 162
Algorithm Implementation	p. 163
Black Blood Images	p. 163
White Blood Images	p. 166
In Vivo Experiments	p. 169
Imaging Protocol	p. 169
Black Blood Images	p. 169
White Blood Images	p. 171
Discussion	p. 171
Acknowledgments	p. 177
Appendix	p. 178
Likelihood Function Derivative	p. 178
References for Chapter 7	p. 179
Analysis of Tagged MR Cardiac Images with B-spline Models
Introduction	p. 183
B-spline basics	p. 186
Definitions and Notations	p. 186
Properties	p. 187
Coupled B-snake Grids	p. 188
Constrained Thin-Plate Spline Reconstruction	p. 190
Solution Using Subspace Approximations	p. 193
Validations	p. 196
Myocardial Strains	p. 203
Measurement of 3D Motion of Myocardial Beads	p. 204
Imaging Protocol	p. 205
Reconstruction of Tag Planes	p. 206
Computing 3D Coordinates of Myocardial Beads	p. 207
Validations	p. 213
Conclusions	p. 214
Acknowledgments	p. 215
References for Chapter 8	p. 215
MR Physics and Imaging of Phase Contrast MRI
Introduction	p. 219
Basic Principles of Phase Contrast MRI	p. 220
Flow and Motion Compensation	p. 221
Velocity Encoding	p. 221
Implementation issues	p. 223
Gradient Echo imaging	p. 223
Respiratory Motion	p. 224
Segmented Scans	p. 225
Black Blood Preparation	p. 225
Measurement Timing and Pulse Sequence Design	p. 226
Multi Echo Approaches	p. 228
Measurement Timing	p. 230
View Sharing Approaches	p. 231
Data Processing	p. 232
Results	p. 237
Volunteers	p. 237
Patients	p. 238
Discussion	p. 243
Appendix	p. 245
Signal Phase	p. 245
References for Chapter 9	p. 246
Myocardial Spatiotemporal Tracking
Introduction	p. 257
Imaging Cardiac Motion	p. 258
Mapping Velocity With Phase Contrast MRI	p. 259
Analyzing Motion	p. 262
DMESH Motion/Strain Mapping	p. 264
The Spatiotemporal Finite Element Model	p. 265
The DMESH Tracking Algorithm	p. 267
Reproducibility Analysis	p. 268
Lagrangian Strain Field Computation	p. 269
Extended Use of DMESH Tracking	p. 270
Experiments	p. 271
Computer simulation studies	p. 271
In vitro and in vivo studies	p. 275
Combined use of displacement and velocity data	p. 277
Discussion	p. 280
Acknowledgments	p. 282
References for Chapter 10	p. 283
Computational Platforms for Integrated Cardiac Image Analysis
Introduction	p. 289
Obtaining Estimates of Cardiac Displacements	p. 290
Methods Relying on Magnetic Resonance Tagging	p. 290
Methods Relying on Phase Contrast MRI	p. 291
Computer-Vision Based Methods	p. 292
The Shape-Based Tracking Approach	p. 293
Modeling used for Interpolation and Smoothing	p. 296
The Strain Tensor	p. 297
Material Models	p. 300
A Bayesian Estimation Framework	p. 303
Experimental Results	p. 305
Pre and post-occlusion comparison	p. 306
Shape-Based Estimates vs MR Tagging	p. 308
Future Research Directions	p. 309
Acknowledgments	p. 310
References for Chapter 11	p. 310
Index	p. 315
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Measurement of Cardiac Deformations from MRI : Physical and Mathematical Models

Physical and Mathematical Models

At a Glance

Hardcover

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