Preface | p. ix |
The emergence of an economics of technical advance | p. 1 |
Early observations on technical advance | p. 3 |
Schumpeter and beyond | p. 7 |
Collective versus market direction | p. 13 |
Technical advance? | p. 17 |
Organization of the book | p. 19 |
Schumpeterian hypotheses | p. 22 |
Innovation and monopoly power | p. 27 |
Innovation and firm size | p. 31 |
The "technology-push" hypothesis | p. 33 |
The "demand-pull" hypothesis | p. 35 |
Demand-pull and market structure | p. 36 |
Summary | p. 47 |
Appendix | p. 48 |
Empirical studies of the Schumpeterian hypotheses | p. 49 |
The inventive process | p. 54 |
The roles of technological opportunity and economic opportunity | p. 58 |
The innovation production function | p. 64 |
The effects of technical advance on market structure | p. 70 |
Firm size and inventive activity | p. 75 |
Market structure and innovation | p. 84 |
Concentration and research effort | p. 86 |
Concentration and innovation output | p. 91 |
Other elements of market structure | p. 93 |
Liquidity and profitability | p. 95 |
Diversification and entrepreneurial talent | p. 98 |
Market structure and diffusion of innovations | p. 100 |
Summary | p. 102 |
Modern theories of market structure and innovation: The decision theoretic approach | p. 105 |
The rewards and probabilities of collecting them | p. 112 |
The cost | p. 116 |
Speed of development | p. 117 |
New product pricing | p. 122 |
The nonrivalrous solution | p. 123 |
Intense rivalry | p. 123 |
A particular cost function | p. 124 |
Is development worthwhile? | p. 125 |
Noncontractual development | p. 127 |
Development ceases upon rival entry | p. 130 |
A range of innovations | p. 131 |
Self-financing | p. 132 |
Rival precedence need not halt RandD | p. 135 |
Impossible imitation and costless imitation | p. 140 |
Summary | p. 141 |
Appendix | p. 145 |
Speed of development | |
New product pricing | |
The nonrivalrous solution | |
Intense rivalry | |
A particular cost function | |
Development ceases upon rival entry | |
A range of innovations | |
Self-financing | |
Rival precedence need not halt RandD | |
Modern theories of market structure and innovation: the game theoretic approach | p. 176 |
Costs and the speed of development | p. 179 |
Rewards | p. 182 |
Technical and market uncertainty | p. 182 |
Efficiency | p. 185 |
Social optimality | p. 187 |
The market solution | p. 189 |
Summary | p. 193 |
A dynamic approach | p. 197 |
Appendix | p. 199 |
Costs and speed of development | |
Technical and market uncertainty | |
Efficiency | |
Social optimality | |
The market solution | |
Summary and prospectus | p. 216 |
References | p. 224 |
Author index | p. 237 |
Subject index | p. 240 |
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