At a time when age-old political structures are crumbling, civil strife abounds, and economic uncertainty permeates the air, loyalty offers us security in our relationships with associates, friends, and family. Yet loyalty is a suspect virtue. It is not impartial. It is not blind. It violates the principles of morality that have dominated Western thought for the last two hundred years.
Loyalties are also thought to be irrational and contrary to the spirit of Capitalism. In a free market society, we are encouraged to move to the competition when we are not happy. This way of thinking has invaded our personal relationships and undermined our capacities for friendship and loyalty to those who do not serve our immediate interests. As George P. Fletcher writes, it is time for loyal bonds, born of history and experience, to prevail both over impartial morality and the self-interested thinking of the market trader.
In this extended essay, George P. Fletcher offers an account of loyalty that illuminates its role in our relationships with family and friends, our ties to country, and the commitment of the religious to God and their community. Fletcher opposes the traditional view of the moral self as detached from context and history. He argues instead that loyalty, not impartial detachment, should be the central feature of our moral and political lives. Writing as a political "liberal," he claims that a commitment to country is necessary to improve the lot of the poor and disadvantaged. This commitment to country may well require greater reliance on patriotic rituals in education and a reconsideration of the Supreme Court's extending the First Amendment to protect flag burning. Given the worldwide currents of parochialism and political decentralization, the task for us, Fletcher argues, is to renew our commitment to a single nation united in its diversity.
Bringing to bear his expertise as a law professor, Fletcher reasons that the legal systems should defer to existing relationships of loyalty. Familial, professional, and religious loyalties should be respected as relationships beyond the limits of the law. Thus surrogate mothers should not be forced to surrender and betray their children, spouses should not be required to testify against each other in court, parents should not be prevented from willing their property to their children, and the religiously committed should not be forced to act contrary to conscience.
Yet the question remains: Aren't loyalty, and particularly patriotism, dangerously one-sided? Indeed, they are, but no more than are love and friendship. The challenge, Fletcher maintains, is to overcome the distorting effects of impartial morality and to develop a morality of loyalty properly suited to our emotional and spiritual lives. Justice has its sphere, as do loyalties. In this book, Fletcher provides the first step toward a new way of thinking that recognizes the complexity of our moral and political lives.
Industry Reviews
"The example I'd chose for style in making points is Loyalty: An Essay on the Morality of Relationships, by George P. Fletcher."--William Safire, International Herald Tribune
"You may not always agree with Mr. Fletcher's conclusions, but you cannot help being engaged by the argument....Revivifies a topic too long dormant and sheds new light on what it could mean today to stand by your country."--The New York Times Book Review
"Provocative."--Kirkus Reviews
"George Fletcher writes with a rare combination of legal knowledge, theoretical sophistication, and common sense. His remarkable feel for the place of loyalty in everyday life makes this a book that should figure importantly in contemporary moral, political, and constitutional debates."--Michael Walzer, Professor of Social Science, Princeton University
"An appealing statement of intellectual modesy in a brisk, effective book. One suspects Loyalty will win Fletcher an enduring audience, which is just the sort he might want."--The Philadelphia Inquirer
"The example I'd chose for style in making points is Loyalty: An Essay on the Morality of Relationships, by George P. Fletcher."--William Safire, International Herald Tribune
"You may not always agree with Mr. Fletcher's conclusions, but you cannot help being engaged by the argument....Revivifies a topic too long dormant and sheds new light on what it could mean today to stand by your country."--The New York Times Book Review
"Provocative."--Kirkus Reviews
"George Fletcher writes with a rare combination of legal knowledge, theoretical sophistication, and common sense. His remarkable feel for the place of loyalty in everyday life makes this a book that should figure importantly in contemporary moral, political, and constitutional debates."--Michael Walzer, Professor of Social Science, Princeton University
"An appealing statement of intellectual modesy in a brisk, effective book. One suspects Loyalty will win Fletcher an enduring audience, which is just the sort he might want."--The Philadelphia Inquirer
"George Fletcher has made a notable contribution to the continuing debate about the relationship of the impersonal requirements of justice to the particular demands of those ties and loyalties which bind us to those to whom we are closest. His is a book rich in illuminating examples and in rewarding insights."--Alasdair MacIntyre, McMahon/Hank Professor of Philosophy, University of Notre Dame
"In Loyalty, George Fletcher brings to life a subject that liberal, legal and political theory has barely recognized. The theme of loyalty, he convincingly demonstrates, is a hidden thread running through a wide range of seemingly unrelated issues, from flag-burning to surrogate motherhood....Loyalty is a triumph of the legal imagination."--Mary Ann Glendon, Professor of Law, Harvard Law School
"Loyalties are not only a value to us, they define us. This thesis is developed and defended with great force by Professor Fletcher, and applied with ingenuity."--Sidney Morgenbesser, Professor of Philosophy, Emeritus, Columbia University
"An important book."--Bimonthly Review of Law Books
"Fletcher is a very clear and engaging writer. The book is richly illustrated by apt examples drawn from literature, history, and the law. He deals with issues of great importance that are generally neglected by philosophers."--Thomas L. Carson, Ethics
