Jean Buridan's Logic

Preface.- Buridan's Philosophy of Logic.- Section 1. John Buridan: Life and Times.- Section 2. The Treatises.- Section 3. Meaning and Mental Language.- 3.1. Levels of Language.- 3.2. Nominalist Semantics and Equiformity.- 3.3. Mental as an Ideal Language.- Section 4. The Properties of Terms.- 4.1. Syncategorematic Terms.- 4.2. Absolute and Appellative Terms.- 4.3. Intentional Verbs.- Section 5. Sentences.- 5.1. Sentences as Assertions.- 5.2. Categorical Sentences.- 5.3. Hypothetical Sentences.- 5.4. Principles of Sentential Logic.- 5.5. Truth and Sentential Signification.- Section 6. The Theory of Supposition.- 6.1. Supposition and the Theory of Reference.- 6.2. Personal and Material Supposition.- 6.3. Discrete and Common Supposition.- 6.4. Absolute and Relative Supposition.- 6.5. Natural and Accidental Supposition.- 6.6. Determinate and Confused Supposition.- 6.7. Distributive and Non-Distributive Supposition.- 6.8. Ampliation: Time and Modality.- 6.9. Truth-Conditions.- Section 7. Consequences.- 7.1. Conditionals, Inferences, and Consequences.- 7.2. The Definition and Division of Consequences.- 7.3. Assertoric Consequences.- 7.4. Divided Modal Consequences.- 7.5. Composite Modal Consequences.- Section 8. The Syllogism.- 8.1. Definition of the Syllogism.- 8.2. Syllogistic Semantic Principles.- 8.3. Reduction and Proof-Procedure.- 8.4. Assertoric Syllogistic.- 8.5. Composite Modal Syllogistic.- 8.6. Divided Modal Syllogistic.- Translation. The Treatise on Supposition.- 1. Signification, Supposition, Verification, Appellation.- 1.1. The Aim of Chapter 1.- 1.2. Signification and Supposition.- 1.3. Supposition and Verification.- 1.4. Supposition and Appellation.- 2. Kinds of Significative Words.- 2.1. Complex and Incomplex.- 2.2. Subject and Predicate.- 2.3. Categorematic and Syncategorematic Terms.- 2.4. Complex and Incomplex Concepts.- 2.5. Perfect and Imperfect Expressions.- 2.6. Rules for Supposition.- 3. The Kinds of Supposition.- 3.1. Proper and Improper Supposition.- 3.2. Material and Personal Supposition.- 3.3. Common and Discrete Personal Supposition.- 3.4. Natural and Accidental Supposition.- 3.5. Confused and Determinate Supposition.- 3.6. Distributive and Merely Confused Supposition.- 3.7. Rules for Distributive Confusion.- 3.8. Rules for Non-Distributive Confusion.- 4. The Supposition of Relative Terms.- 4.1. The Meaning of 'Relative Term'.- 4.2. The Kinds of Relative Terms.- 4.3. Reference to the Antecedent.- 4.4. Supposition of the Antecedent.- 4.5. 'This' and 'That'.- 4.6. 'Himself'.- 4.7. 'His Own'.- 4.8. 'Such' and 'So Much'.- 4.9. Differentiating Relative-Terms.- 5. Appellation.- 5.1. Review.- 5.2. The Appellation of Subject and Predicate.- 5.3. Appellation and Signification.- 5.4. Appellation of Particular Terms.- 6. Ampliation and Restriction.- 6.1. The Status of a Term.- 6.2. Ampliation.- 6.3. Restriction.- 6.4. Alienation.- 6.5. The Alienation of Supposition.- 6.6. Cancelled Supposition.- Translation. The Treatise on Consequences.- Book I. Consequences in General and Among Assertoric Sentences.- 1.1. The Truth and Falsity of Sentences.- 1.2. The Causes of the Truth and Falsity of Sentences.- 1.3. The Definition of 'Consequence'.- 1.4. The Kinds of Consequences.- 1.5. The Supposition of Terms.- 1.6. The Ampliation of Terms.- 1.7. The Matter and Form of Sentences.- 1.8. Theorem About Assertoric Consequences.- Book II. Consequences Among Modal Sentences.- 2.1. Modal Sentences.- 2.2. Composite and Divided Modal Sentences.- 2.3. Affirmative and Negative Divided Modals.- 2.4. Ampliated Terms in Divided Modal Sentences.- 2.5. Equipollent Modal Sentences.- 2.6. Theorems About Divided Modals.- 2.7. Theorems About Composite Modals.- Book III. Syllogisms With Assertoric Sentences.- 3.1. The Kinds of Consequences.- 3.2. The Syllogism.- 3.3. Finite and Infinite Terms.- 3.4. Theorems.- 3.5. Sentences With Oblique Terms.- 3.6. Syllogistic Extremes and Middle.- 3.7. Theorems.- Book IV. Syllogisms with Modal Sentences.- 4.1. Syllogisms With Composite Modal Sentences.- 4.2. Syllogisms With Divided Modal Sentences.- 4.3. Divided Contingent Modals.- 4.4. Syllogisms With Reduplicative Sentences.- Notes.- Notes. Buridan's Philosophy of Logic.- Notes. Treatise on Supposition.- Notes. Treatise on Consequences.- Book I. Notes.- Book II. Notes.- Book III. Notes.- Book IV. Notes.- Indexes.- Index of Names.- Index of Subjects.- Index of Rules and Theorems.