How to use this book xiii
About eBookPLUS xiv
Acknowledgements xv
Preliminary Core 1 Better Health for Individuals 1
1 What does health mean to individuals? 3
1.1 Meanings of health 4
1.2 Perceptions of health 11
1.3 Health behaviours of young people 25
1.4 Topic review 53
2 What influences the health of individuals? 57
2.1 The determinants of health 58
2.2 The degree of control individuals can exert over their health 87
2.3 Health as a social construct 99
2.4 Topic review 103
3 What strategies help to promote the health of individuals? 106
3.1 What is health promotion? 107
3.2 Responsibility for health promotion 109
3.3 Health promotion approaches and strategies 121
3.4 The Ottawa Charter as an effective health promotion framework 130
3.5 Principles of social justice 139
3.6 Topic review 143
Preliminary Core 2 The Body in Motion 147
4 Body systems and movement 149
4.1 Skeletal system 150
4.2 Muscular system 161
4.3 Respiratory system 168
4.4 Circulatory system 174
4.5 Topic review 186
5 Physical fitness, training and movement efficiency 190
5.1 Health-related components of physical fitness 191
5.2 Skill-related components of physical fitness 205
5.3 Aerobic and anaerobic training 218
5.4 Immediate physiological responses to training 224
5.5 Topic review 231
6 The biomechanics of human movement 235
6.1 Introduction to biomechanics 236
6.2 Motion 236
6.3 Balance and stability 243
6.4 Fluid mechanics 249
6.5 Force 260
6.6 Topic review 268
Options 273
7 First aid 275
7.1 Setting priorities for managing a first aid situation and assessing the casualty 276
7.2 Crisis management 286
7.3 Management of injuries 289
7.4 Management of medical conditions 293
7.5 Physical environment 297
7.6 Infection control and protection 299
7.7 Legal and moral dilemmas 300
7.8 Support following first aid situations 303
7.9 Topic review 303
9 Fitness choices 306
9.1 Meanings of exercise 307
9.2 The value that people place on exercise and fitness 314
9.3 Individual fitness activities 322
9.4 Group fitness activities 330
9.5 Settings for exercise 337
9.6 Advertising and promotion 342
9.7 Motivators and barriers to participation 345
9.8 Topic review 347
10 Outdoor recreation 349
10.1 Reasons for participation in outdoor recreation 350
10.2 Planning skills 354
10.3 Camp site selection 365
10.4 Conservation skills 367
10.5 Navigational skills 372
10.6 Emergency management skills 379
10.7 Leadership styles 386
10.8 Understanding group dynamics 387
10.9 Facilitation skills 389
10.10 Understanding strengths and weakness 391
10.11 Topic review 392
Appendix 1 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion 396
Appendix 2 Syllabus Key Words 400
Glossary 402
Index 409
