| Preface | p. ix |
| What Is Financial Technology? | p. 1 |
| Financial vs. Commercial Systems | p. 1 |
| Financial vs. Gambling Systems | p. 5 |
| Financial vs. Military Systems and Physical Delivery | p. 8 |
| Nonphysical Communication and Delivery | p. 14 |
| The First Wireless Network | p. 17 |
| Notes and References | p. 24 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 27 |
| Prices, Interest, Time | p. 29 |
| Financial Terms | p. 29 |
| Numbers and Prices | p. 38 |
| Time Is Money: Loans and Interest | p. 51 |
| Days, Months, and Years | p. 61 |
| Notes and References | p. 67 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 69 |
| Algorithms and Financial Technology | p. 71 |
| Financial Algorithms | p. 71 |
| Spreadsheets | p. 74 |
| Interpreters and Compilers for Procedural Languages | p. 80 |
| Spreadsheet Algorithms for Interpolating Prices and Rates | p. 90 |
| Notes and References | p. 102 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 103 |
| Financial Products | p. 105 |
| Technology of Cash Flows | p. 105 |
| Technology of Yields | p. 112 |
| Zero Credit Risk/Zero Coupon Bonds | p. 122 |
| Equities, Dividend Discounts, and Laplace Transforms | p. 127 |
| Databases for Past, Present, and Future Prices | p. 135 |
| Notes and References | p. 139 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 142 |
| Identifying Financial Objects | p. 143 |
| Symbology: Identifying Issuers and Owners | p. 143 |
| Other Identifiers in Financial Databases | p. 156 |
| Exchange Ticker Symbols | p. 161 |
| Non-Exchange Traded Products and Portfolios | p. 173 |
| Notes and References | p. 185 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 188 |
| Physical Aspects of Financial Networks | p. 189 |
| Financial Network Infrastructures | p. 189 |
| Origins of Electronic Financial Communication Networks | p. 196 |
| The Technology of Virtual Delivery | p. 208 |
| Market Data Technology: From Ticker to Consolidated Tape | p. 214 |
| Notes and References | p. 226 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 231 |
| Orders and Messages | p. 233 |
| The Anatomy of Orders | p. 233 |
| Order Processing Technology: From Q-Codes to FIX | p. 239 |
| Markup Languages | p. 253 |
| Representing Rules | p. 262 |
| Notes and References | p. 269 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 271 |
| Systems of Financial Systems | p. 273 |
| Describing Financial Systems | p. 273 |
| System Analogies | p. 287 |
| Characteristics of Systems of Systems | p. 294 |
| Notes and References | p. 299 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 302 |
| Risk | p. 303 |
| Types of Risk in Financial Systems | p. 303 |
| Basic Properties of Probabilities | p. 309 |
| Portfolios and Risk | p. 319 |
| Risk and Hedging | p. 325 |
| Notes and References | p. 334 |
| Discussion Questions | p. 336 |
| Index | p. 337 |
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