Acknowledgements | p. ix |
The second edition | p. x |
About this hygiene promotion manual | p. xi |
List of boxes | p. xiv |
List of figures | p. xvi |
List of tables | p. xviii |
Abbreviations and acronyms | p. xix |
Introduction | p. 1 |
Emergency contexts | p. 1 |
Affected communities | p. 6 |
Hygiene promotion | p. 11 |
Overview of manual | p. 18 |
Assessment and analysis: Where are we now? | p. 21 |
Collecting information | p. 21 |
Rapid assessment | p. 21 |
Baseline information requirements | p. 22 |
Tools or methods of data collection | p. 27 |
Participatory data collection | p. 32 |
Using the information | p. 35 |
Planning: Where are we going? | p. 39 |
Planning framework | p. 39 |
Targeting | p. 46 |
Action plans | p. 48 |
Implementation: How do we get there? | p. 51 |
Selection of fieldworkers | p. 51 |
Training of fieldworkers | p. 59 |
Management of fieldworkers | p. 68 |
Meetings and negotiations | p. 70 |
Coordination | p. 71 |
Information collection and analysis | p. 12 |
Campaigns, education and social marketing | p. 73 |
Operation and maintenance of water supply and sanitation facilities | p. 80 |
Other practical actions | p. 81 |
Monitoring and evaluation: How shall we know when we have got there? | p. 87 |
Defining monitoring and evaluation | p. 87 |
Why monitor and evaluate? | p. 88 |
Who will monitor and evaluate? | p. 88 |
What to monitor and evaluate | p. 90 |
When to monitor and evaluate? | p. 92 |
Participatory monitoring and evaluation | p. 92 |
How to do monitoring | p. 94 |
Carrying out evaluations | p. 99 |
How can we do it better next time? | p. 102 |
Appendices | p. 103 |
Assessment tools | p. 105 |
How to conduct a community mapping exercise | p. 105 |
How to conduct a focus group discussion | p. 105 |
How to do key informant interviews | p. 107 |
How to carry out observations | p. 108 |
How to do structured observations | p. 108 |
How to do an exploratory walk | p. 109 |
How to do behaviour trials | p. 109 |
How to do Venn diagrams | p. 110 |
How to do flow diagrams | p. 111 |
How to do a voting activity | p. 112 |
How to do matrix and pairwise ranking | p. 113 |
How to do timelines | p. 114 |
How to do pie charts | p. 115 |
How to do body mapping | p. 116 |
How to analyse qualitative data | p. 116 |
Example questionnaire | p. 119 |
Planning tools | p. 121 |
Sphere: Minimum standards in water supply, sanitation and hygiene promotion | p. 121 |
How to use a problem tree to develop a logframe | p. 126 |
How to do risk assessment | p. 128 |
Training exercises | p. 135 |
Introductions | p. 135 |
Listening exercises | p. 136 |
Hygiene learning exercises | p. 138 |
Experiments | p. 210 |
Sample job descriptions | p. 212 |
Job description for community facilitators | p. 212 |
Job description for children's facilitators | p. 212 |
Job description for supervisors | p. 213 |
Job description for water-point attendants | p. 214 |
Job description for campaign workers | p. 214 |
Job description for latrine attendants | p. 215 |
Sample training courses | p. 216 |
Community facilitators' course: Objectives and sample timetable | p. 216 |
Children's facilitators' course: Objectives and sample timetable | p. 217 |
Supervisors' course: Objectives and sample timetable | p. 218 |
Campaign workers' course: Objectives and sample timetable | p. 219 |
Latrine and water source attendants' course: Objectives and sample timetable | p. 220 |
Management tools | p. 222 |
Expectations and ground rules | p. 222 |
Role play: Negotiation skills | p. 223 |
How to do a stakeholder analysis | p. 224 |
Example of a situation report (sitrep) outline | p. 226 |
Monitoring and evaluation tools | p. 228 |
Example of facilitators' self-assessment form | p. 228 |
Example of participants' course assessment flipchart | p. 229 |
Example of the findings of a focus group discussion | p. 229 |
Example of community monitoring for latrine use | p. 230 |
Common water-and sanitation-related diseases in emergencies | p. 233 |
Increased vulnerability of people affected by emergencies | p. 233 |
Transmission patterns and preventive measures for water- and sanitation-related diseases common in emergency situations | p. 233 |
Vector-borne diseases | p. 238 |
Hygiene-related skin and eye infections | p. 240 |
Excreta disposal technologies for emergency situations | p. 243 |
Defecation trench | p. 243 |
Pit latrine | p. 243 |
Alternating pit latrine | p. 246 |
Ventilated improved pit latrine | p. 247 |
Alternating ventilated pit latrine | p. 248 |
Dry-box latrine | p. 249 |
Water-borne excreta disposal facilities | p. 250 |
Hand washing facilities without piped water | p. 250 |
Community management and sustainability | p. 252 |
How to measure/evaluate community management | p. 253 |
Measuring participation | p. 253 |
Example of a community contract | p. 255 |
Assessment tool for sustainable water supplies | p. 256 |
Glossary | p. 258 |
Annotated bibliography | p. 261 |
Useful websites | p. 265 |
References | p. 267 |
Index | p. 271 |
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