History of Economic Management in North Korea

Prologue

1 ChâÅ�llima Movement, Taean Systems, and Centralized Planning

1.1 The Strategy of Prioritizing Heavy Industry and the Py�ngjin (Parallel) Route

1.2 Taean System and Unified and Detailed Planning System

1.3 Efforts to Correct the Imbalance between âAccumulation and Consumptionâ

1.3.1 Fostering Light Industry

1.3.2 Local Budget System and Local Industrial Factories

1.4 Return to the Policy of Prioritizing Heavy Industry: The Ten Grand Goals of Socialist Economic Construction

1.5 Rationalization of Planning: The Independent Accounting System and the United Enterprise System

2 Military-First Politics, CNC, and the Pursuit of Maximum Practical Benefits While Adhering to Socialist Principles Route

2.1 The Arduous March and Military-First Politics

2.2 Revolutionary Soldier Spirit and Kanggye Spirit

2.3 Kim Jong Ilâs Strategy of Focus on Science and Technology

Appendix to Chapter 2: Meaning and Implication of the â10·3 Discourseâ

3 Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System and CNC-Based Reconstruction

3.1 Normalization of Production and the Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System

3.2 Key Features of the Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System

3.3 Commercial Banking and Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System

3.4 Evolution of Market in the DPRK and the Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System

Appendix to Chapter 3: The Nature of Inflation in the DPRK and Estimation of Gross Domestic Growth of the DPRK after the Normalization of Production

4 General Summary and Evaluation of the DPRKâs Socialist Economic Construction and Economic Management System

4.1 The Kim Il Sung Era (1949-1994): Building Socialist Economic Construction and Management Based on Taean System

4.2 The Kim Jong Il Era (1995-2011): Two Means of Overcoming Arduous March: Military-First Politics and Advancement in Science and Technology

4.3 Kim Jong-Un Era (2012- ): The Era of the Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System, the Embodiment of DPRKâs Unique Economic Management System Based on the Legacies of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il

Epilogue

Postscript

Index