| Preface | p. xiii |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Background | |
| Semiconductor Light Sources | p. 11 |
| Absorption and Emission of Light | p. 12 |
| The Two-Level Atomic Gas System | p. 12 |
| Semiconductors | p. 14 |
| The p-n Junction | p. 16 |
| Heterojunctions | p. 22 |
| Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) | p. 23 |
| LED Structures | p. 24 |
| Light-Current Curve | p. 24 |
| Spectral Distribution | p. 25 |
| Modulation Bandwidth | p. 26 |
| Laser Diodes (LDs) | p. 27 |
| Optical Gain | p. 28 |
| Laser Threshold | p. 30 |
| The Fabry-Perot Laser Diode | p. 33 |
| Single-Longitudinal Mode Laser Diodes | p. 37 |
| Wavelength-Tunable Laser Diodes | p. 41 |
| Summary | p. 50 |
| References | p. 51 |
| Single-Mode Optical Fibers | p. 55 |
| The Single-Mode Fiber | p. 55 |
| Guided Modes | p. 56 |
| The Single-Mode Condition | p. 60 |
| Birefringence | p. 62 |
| Attenuation | p. 63 |
| Dispersion in Single-Mode Fibers | p. 65 |
| Dispersion-Induced Pulse Broadening | p. 67 |
| Nonlinear Effects | p. 76 |
| Nonlinear Refraction | p. 78 |
| Four-Photon Mixing | p. 82 |
| Stimulated Raman Scattering | p. 83 |
| Stimulated Brillouin Scattering | p. 84 |
| Summary | p. 86 |
| References | p. 86 |
| Optical Receivers | p. 89 |
| Semiconductor Photodetectors | p. 92 |
| PIN Photodiodes | p. 92 |
| Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs) | p. 97 |
| Direct Detection (DD) Receivers | p. 99 |
| BER | p. 99 |
| Receiver Noise | p. 102 |
| Sensitivity of Direct Detection Receivers | p. 111 |
| Sensitivity Degradation Mechanisms | p. 114 |
| Performance of Practical DD Receivers | p. 119 |
| Coherent Detection (COH) | p. 120 |
| Basic Concept | p. 121 |
| Modulation Techniques | p. 125 |
| Electrical Demodulation Schemes and BER | p. 128 |
| Sensitivity Degradation Mechanisms | p. 132 |
| Demonstrated Coherent Systems | p. 141 |
| Summary | p. 143 |
| References | p. 144 |
| Optical Amplifiers | p. 147 |
| Semiconductor Amplifiers | p. 149 |
| The Fabry-Perot Amplifier | p. 150 |
| The Traveling-Wave Amplifier | p. 154 |
| Doped-Fiber Amplifiers | p. 164 |
| The Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier | p. 166 |
| 1.3-andmgr;m Doped-Fiber Amplifiers | p. 168 |
| Summary | p. 169 |
| References | p. 170 |
| Multiaccess Networks | |
| Passive Devices and Network Topologies | p. 175 |
| The 2[times]2 Coupler | p. 177 |
| Star Couplers | p. 180 |
| Wavelength Multiplexers/Demultiplexers (WDMs) | p. 183 |
| Optical Isolator | p. 185 |
| Network Topologies | p. 187 |
| Network Power Budget Enhancement | p. 193 |
| The Amplified Star Network | p. 193 |
| The Amplified Bus Network | p. 197 |
| Wavelength Routing | p. 201 |
| Control-Channel Limitation | p. 202 |
| Summary | p. 206 |
| References | p. 207 |
| Wavelength Division Multiaccess Networks | p. 211 |
| Single-Hop WDMA Networks | p. 213 |
| Broadcast-and-Select WDMA Networks | p. 213 |
| Wavelength-Routing WDMA Networks | p. 222 |
| Tunable Optical Filters | p. 227 |
| The Fabry-Perot Tunable Filter (FPF) | p. 230 |
| The Mach-Zender Tunable Filter (MZF) | p. 233 |
| The Electro-Optic Tunable Filter (EOTF) | p. 235 |
| The Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter (AOTF) | p. 238 |
| Semiconductor-Based Tunable Filters | p. 240 |
| The Fiber-Brillouin Tunable Filter | p. 241 |
| Multiwavelength Switched Receivers | p. 242 |
| Network Design and Performance Issues | p. 244 |
| Input Versus Output Queuing | p. 244 |
| Crosstalk | p. 245 |
| Wavelength Stability and Control | p. 252 |
| Examples of Single-Hop WDMA Networks | p. 253 |
| The Lambdanet | p. 254 |
| The Knockout Photonic Switch | p. 254 |
| The Passive Photonic Loop (PPL) | p. 260 |
| The Fox/Hypass/Bhypass | p. 262 |
| The Star-Track Network | p. 268 |
| The Rainbow Network | p. 270 |
| The Oasis Photonic Switch | p. 271 |
| Multihop WDMA Networks | p. 274 |
| Basic Concept | p. 274 |
| Performance Analysis | p. 275 |
| The Teranet | p. 281 |
| The Starnet | p. 282 |
| Summary | p. 284 |
| References | p. 284 |
| Subcarrier Division Multiaccess Networks | p. 291 |
| Basic Concept | p. 293 |
| Single-Channel SCMA: Network Performance | p. 295 |
| Shot Noise | p. 297 |
| Electronic Noise | p. 299 |
| Laser-Intensity Noise | p. 300 |
| Optical Beat Interference (OBI) Noise | p. 301 |
| Overall SNR | p. 307 |
| Single-Channel SCMA: Experimental Systems | p. 308 |
| Multichannel SCMA | p. 310 |
| Multichannel SCMA: Network Performance | p. 311 |
| Intermodulation Products | p. 311 |
| Clipping | p. 315 |
| Overall SNR | p. 316 |
| Multichannel SCMA: Experimental Systems | p. 317 |
| Summary | p. 320 |
| References | p. 320 |
| Time Division Multiaccess Networks | p. 325 |
| Basic Concept | p. 327 |
| Demonstrated Systems | p. 330 |
| The TPON | p. 330 |
| The MACNET | p. 332 |
| The APON | p. 332 |
| Summary | p. 337 |
| References | p. 337 |
| Code Division Multiaccess Networks | p. 341 |
| Basic Concept | p. 342 |
| CDMA Optical Codes | p. 348 |
| Coherent Optical CDMA Networks | p. 350 |
| Summary | p. 352 |
| References | p. 352 |
| dBm Units | p. 355 |
| The Relation Between andutri;andlgr; and andutri;andngr; | p. 357 |
| Dispersion Parameters | p. 359 |
| Shot Noise | p. 361 |
| Preamplifier Noise | p. 365 |
| Physical Constants in MKSA System of Units | p. 367 |
| List of Acronyms | p. 369 |
| About the Author | p. 373 |
| Index | p. 375 |
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