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Elementary Physics of Complex Plasmas

By: V. N. Tsytovich (Editor), G. E. Morfill (Editor), S. V. Vladimirov (Editor)

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Hardcover | 1 January 2008

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388 Pages

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Complex plasmas are dusty plasmas in which the density and electric charges of the dust grains are sufficiently high to induce long-range grain-grain interactions, as well as strong absorption of charged-plasma components. Together with the sources replenishing the plasma such systems form a highly dissipative thermodynamically open system that exhibits many features of collective behaviour generally found in complex systems. Most notably among them are self-organized patterns such as plasma crystals, plasma clusters, dust stars and further spectacular new structures. Beyond their intrinsic scientific interest, the study of complex plasmas grows in importance in a great variety of fields, ranging from space-plasma sciences to applied fields such as plasma processing, thin-film deposition and even the production of computer chips by plasma etching, in which strongly interacting clouds of complex plasmas can cause major contamination of the final product.

Intended as first introductory but comprehensive survey of this rapidly emerging field, the present book addresses postgraduate students as well as specialist and nonspecialist researchers with a general background in either plasma physics, space sciences or the physics of complex systems.

Industry Reviews

From the reviews:

"This book offers a state-of-the-art in research and scientific achievements in a relatively new, now rapidly developing field of complex plasma media. ... Each of the eight chapters is supplemented by a comprehensive list of up-to-date references as well as suggestions for the future work. To conclude, this book is no doubt of a unique value to researchers in the field of dusty plasmas as well as to graduate students in physics, astrophysics, and in technical sciences." (Vladimir Cadez, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1151, 2009)

"Written primarily for researchers in the field of complex (dusty) plasmas, but it contains enough introductory material ... for a topical course on the physics of complex plasmas. ... The book contains an extensive list of references ... very helpful to anyone preparing a manuscript for publication or a research proposal. ... an excellent addition to the present collection of books on complex (dusty) plasmas. This book is recommended to anyone wishing to acquire a firm understanding ... of the complex plasma state." (Robert L. Merlino, Plasma Physics, Vol. 75 (5), 2009)

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Science Physics Materials & States of Matter Plasma Physics Thermodynamics & Heat Atomic & Molecular Physics Nuclear Physics Classical Mathematics Fluid Mechanics Condensed Matter Physics including Liquid State & Solid State Physics Engineering & Technology

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Complex Plasma - Why It Is an Unusual State of Matter?	p. 1
General Physical Differences Between Complex Plasma and Ordinary Matter	p. 1
General Terminology in Complex Plasma and Ordinary Matter	p. 3
History: Complex Plasmas in Space Physics	p. 4
Problems of Strong Coupling in Plasmas	p. 6
Phase Space for Strong Coupling in Ordinary Plasmas	p. 6
Physics and Consequences of Large Grain Charges	p. 9
Physics and Consequences of Dust Charge Screening	p. 11
Phase Space for Strong Coupling in Complex Plasmas	p. 14
Openness of Complex Plasma Systems and Long-range Collective Interactions	p. 16
Variability of Grain Charges	p. 16
Openness of Complex Plasma Systems	p. 18
Long-range Unscreened Grain Interactions	p. 22
Plasma Condensation	p. 23
First Observations of Plasma Condensation	p. 23
Grain Interactions	p. 26
Special Aspects of Complex Plasma Investigations	p. 27
Kinetic Level for Dust Investigation in Experiments	p. 27
Obstacles in Complex Plasmas	p. 30
Interactions of Grain Clouds and Fast Grains with Plasma Crystals	p. 32
Structures and Self-organization in Complex Plasmas	p. 36
Observations of Structures in Complex Plasmas	p. 36
Self-organization in Complex Plasmas	p. 39
Outlook of the Subsequent Presentation	p. 41
References	p. 42
Why Complex Plasmas Have Many Applications in Future Technology?	p. 47
Main Discoveries in Applications of Complex Plasmas	p. 47
Computer Technology	p. 48
Simple Principles Used in Computer Technology	p. 48
Investigation of Dust Clouds in Etching Devices	p. 49
First Steps to Using Complex Plasma Properties in Computer Industry	p. 52
New Laboratory Experiments in Complex Plasmas Inspired by Computer Technology Problems	p. 53
New Surfaces, New Materials	p. 54
New Surfaces	p. 54
New Materials	p. 55
New Magnetic Materials	p. 56
New Energy Production	p. 57
Necessity of New Energy Sources	p. 57
Controlled Fusion Devices	p. 58
Table Size Fusion and Neutron Sources	p. 61
Solar Cells	p. 62
Environmental Problems	p. 62
Dust is Found Everywhere	p. 62
Global Warming	p. 63
Noctilucent Clouds	p. 63
The Ozone Layer	p. 64
Industrial Emissions and Car Exhausts	p. 64
References	p. 65
Elementary Processes in Complex Plasmas	p. 67
Screening of Grain Field in a Plasma	p. 67
Elementary Estimates	p. 67
Linear Debye Screening	p. 69
Non-linear Screening	p. 71
Problems to Solve in Grain Screening	p. 79
Charging of Grains in Partially Ionized Plasma	p. 86
Introductory Remarks	p. 86
Equation for Micro-particle Charging	p. 86
Orbital Motion Limited Model	p. 88
Extensions of OML Approach	p. 93
Role of Potential Barriers in Non-linear Screening for Grain Charging	p. 102
Radial Drift Limited Model	p. 106
Diffusion Limited Model	p. 109
Problems for Modeling of Grain Charging	p. 110
Forces Acting on Ions	p. 114
Absorption of Ions on Grains. The Charging Coefficient	p. 114
Friction of Ions in Gas of Grains. The Drag Coefficient	p. 117
Other Forces Acting on Ions	p. 122
Forces Acting on Grains	p. 124
Ion Drag and Electric Field Forces	p. 125
Temperature Gradients and Thermophoretic Force	p. 127
Neutral Gas Drag force, Gravity force, and Dust Inertia	p. 130
Forces Acting on Electrons: Characteristic Electric Fields	p. 132
Electron Friction in Absorbing Collisions with Grains and Electron Inertia	p. 132
Balance of Forces for Electrons	p. 134
Electric Fields and Condition for Quasi-neutrality	p. 135
References	p. 137
Collective Effects in Complex Plasmas	p. 141
Collective Linear Modes	p. 141
Dispersion Relations for Low Frequency Modes	p. 141
Basic State of Complex Plasmas	p. 144
Dispersion Relation for DISW	p. 146
Dispersion Relation for DAW	p. 150
Universal Instability of a Complex Plasma	p. 153
Instability in the Range of DISW	p. 153
Instability in the Range of DAW	p. 154
Instability Stabilization in the Range of DAW	p. 155
Physics of the Instability	p. 156
Instability Rates	p. 158
Effects of Finite Size	p. 161
Electrostatic Gravitational-like Instability and Modes in Plasma Clusters	p. 162
Complex Plasma Structurization	p. 164
Collective Modes Excited by Fast Particles	p. 165
Mach Cones: General Remarks and the Cone Angle	p. 165
Wave Intensity and Distribution of Wavelengths	p. 166
Wave Excitation by Outside Particles Moving near Boundary	p. 167
Observations of Collective Modes	p. 168
Introductory Remarks	p. 168
Experimental Observations of DISW	p. 169
Experimental Observations of DAW	p. 177
Problems to be Solved for Collective Modes	p. 183
Structurization Instability and the Finite System Effects	p. 183
Surface Waves	p. 183
Induced Processes for Collective Modes	p. 183
Collective Modes in the External Magnetic Field	p. 184
Instabilities in Complex Plasmas	p. 184
Non-linear Responses	p. 184
Strong Non-linearities and Modulational Interactions	p. 184
Kinetic Description of Collective Modes	p. 185
Fluctuations, Collective Pair Interactions, and Pair Correlation Functions	p. 185
Relations between Various Fluctuations	p. 185
Correlation Functions	p. 187
Zero Fluctuations and Collective Pair Interactions of Grains	p. 188
Dust Non-collective Charge Fluctuations	p. 189
Charge Fluctuations Induced by Dust Fluctuations	p. 193
References	p. 193
Micro-particle Collective and Non-collective Pair Interactions	p. 197
General Properties of Micro-particle Pair Interactions	p. 197
Grain Pair Interactions in Crystals and Clusters	p. 197
Two Grains: Electrostatic Energy and Interaction Forces	p. 200
Role of Openness of Complex Plasma Systems	p. 202
Pair Interaction and Non-linearity in Screening	p. 203
Shadow Non-collective Attraction Forces	p. 205
Shadow Attraction Created by Ion Flux	p. 205
Shadow Attraction Created by Neutral Flux	p. 210
Agglomeration of Grains	p. 212
Problems of Non-collective Grain Attraction	p. 213
Collective Attraction for Linear Screening	p. 215
Collective Attraction in the Limit [beta double less-than sign] 1	p. 215
Physics of Collective Attraction	p. 217
Attraction of Finite Size Grains	p. 218
Natural Boundary Conditions	p. 220
Limiting Expressions for Collective Attraction	p. 222
Attraction in an Ion Flow for [beta double less-than sign] 1	p. 224
Attraction in a Magnetic Field for [beta double less-than sign] 1	p. 225
Collective Interactions for Non-linear Screening	p. 227
Collision-dominated Case [beta double great-than sign] 1	p. 227
Ionization Proportional to Electron Density	p. 228
General Properties of Non-linear Collective Attraction	p. 231
Measurements of Screened Potential in Grain-grain Collisions	p. 234
Experimental Technique	p. 234
Collision Experiments	p. 236
Problems for Future Experiments	p. 242
References	p. 243
Experiments on Plasma Crystals and Long-range Correlations	p. 247
Plasma Crystals	p. 253
Crystal Structures Observed	p. 253
Observational Techniques	p. 256
Structure of Crystals	p. 258
Dislocations and Defects	p. 268
Melting and Phase Transitions	p. 270
General Description of Phase Transitions	p. 270
Phenomenological Description	p. 271
Translational and Orientational Order	p. 274
Dust Grain Temperatures	p. 275
Paradigms for Plasma Crystal Formation	p. 277
Applicability of New Paradigms	p. 277
Paradigms for Crystal Formation	p. 279
Van der Waals Equations and Collective Interactions	p. 281
Inspiration from Experiments	p. 285
References	p. 286
Mono-layer Plasma Crystals and Clusters	p. 289
Mono-layer Plasma Crystals	p. 289
Specific Properties of Mono-layers	p. 289
Theory of 2D Dust-lattice Waves	p. 293
Experiments on 2D Dust-lattice Waves	p. 295
Stimulated Plasma Crystal Sublimation	p. 299
Theory of Dust Bending Waves	p. 300
2D Dust Shear Waves	p. 302
2D Dust-lattice Wave Mach Cones	p. 303
2D Plasma Clusters	p. 305
Introductory remarks	p. 305
Experiments on Small and 2D Clusters	p. 307
Observations and Ordering Rules	p. 309
Theory of 2D Clusters	p. 314
Boundary-free 2D Clusters	p. 320
Numerical Simulations of Boundary-free Clusters	p. 326
References	p. 330
Comments on Other Dust Structures: Concluding Remarks	p. 333
Dust Helical Clusters	p. 333
General Remarks	p. 333
MD Simulations and Analytical Results	p. 335
Problems to Solve	p. 336
Disordered Grain Structures	p. 337
Role of Plasma Fluxes	p. 337
Structures in Disordered States	p. 338
General Features of Disordered Structures	p. 341
Dust Void Problems	p. 345
Problems for Future Investigations	p. 348
Dust Wall Sheaths	p. 349
General Remarks	p. 349
Collisionless Dust Wall Sheaths	p. 350
Further Problems of Dust Wall Sheath Studies	p. 352
Dust Structures between Walls	p. 353
Collision-Dominated Single Flat Layer	p. 353
Other Structures between Electrodes	p. 354
Problems for Future Research	p. 354
Dust Convection in Structures	p. 355
General Remarks	p. 355
Problems to Solve	p. 357
Hybrid Dust Structures	p. 357
Micro-gravity Experiments	p. 359
Future Research: Outlook for Complex Plasmas	p. 360
Conclusion	p. 362
References	p. 362
Index	p. 365
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Elementary Physics of Complex Plasmas

At a Glance

Hardcover

Industry Reviews

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